Recombinant Proteins
Product List
CENPA Human
Centromere Protein A Human Recombinant
CENPA is expressed with a -6x His tag and purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
CENPB Human
Centromere Protein B Human Recombinant
CENPB is expressed with a -6x His tag at N-terminus and purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
CENPH Human
Centromere Protein-H Human Recombinant
The CENPH is fused to a 20 amino acid His-Tag at N-terminus and purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
CENPM Human
Centromere Protein-M Human Recombinant
CENPP Human
Centromere Protein-P Human Recombinant
CENPP is fused to a 20 amino acid His-tag at N-terminus & purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
CENPQ Human
Centromere Protein-Q Human Recombinant
CENPQ is fused to a 23 amino acid His-tag at N-terminus & purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
CENPU Human
Centromere Protein-U Human Recombinant
Introduction
Centromere proteins are specialized proteins that play a crucial role in the function of the centromere, a region of the chromosome essential for accurate segregation during cell division. The centromere is the site where the kinetochore assembles, allowing chromosomes to attach to spindle fibers and ensuring proper distribution to daughter cells . Centromere proteins can be classified into various types based on their functions and interactions, including centromere protein A (CENP-A), CENP-B, CENP-C, and others .
Centromere proteins exhibit several key biological properties:
- Expression Patterns: Centromere proteins are expressed in a cell cycle-dependent manner, with peak expression during mitosis and meiosis .
- Tissue Distribution: These proteins are ubiquitously present in all dividing cells, with higher concentrations in tissues with high mitotic activity, such as bone marrow and epithelial tissues .
The primary biological functions of centromere proteins include:
- Chromosome Segregation: Centromere proteins are essential for the proper segregation of chromosomes during cell division .
- Immune Responses and Pathogen Recognition: While their primary role is in cell division, some centromere proteins have been implicated in immune responses and pathogen recognition .
Centromere proteins interact with other molecules and cells through various mechanisms:
- Binding Partners: Centromere proteins, such as CENP-A, replace histone H3 in the nucleosome, forming a unique chromatin structure that is recognized by other centromere proteins .
- Downstream Signaling Cascades: These proteins recruit and interact with kinetochore proteins, facilitating the attachment of spindle microtubules and activating signaling pathways that ensure accurate chromosome segregation .
The expression and activity of centromere proteins are tightly regulated through several mechanisms:
- Transcriptional Regulation: The transcription of centromere protein genes is controlled by cell cycle-dependent transcription factors .
- Post-Translational Modifications: Centromere proteins undergo various post-translational modifications, such as phosphorylation and ubiquitination, which regulate their stability and function .
Centromere proteins have several applications in biomedical research and clinical practice:
- Biomedical Research: Studying centromere proteins helps in understanding the mechanisms of chromosome segregation and the causes of chromosomal instability .
- Diagnostic Tools: Antibodies against centromere proteins are used in diagnostic assays for certain autoimmune diseases .
- Therapeutic Strategies: Targeting centromere proteins is being explored as a potential therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment .
Centromere proteins play a vital role throughout the life cycle:
