Recombinant Proteins
Product List
TAGLN Human
Transgelin Human Recombinant
TAGLN2 Human
Transgelin-2 Human Recombinant
TAGLN3 Human
Transgelin-3 Human Recombinant
The TAGLN3 is fused to a 20 amino acid His-Tag at N-terminus and purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Introduction
Transgelin is a protein encoded by the TAGLN gene in humans . It belongs to a family of actin-binding proteins known as transgelins, which include transgelin-1 (T-1), transgelin-2 (T-2), and transgelin-3 (T-3) . These proteins are involved in the regulation of the actin cytoskeleton, which is crucial for maintaining cell shape and motility .
Key Biological Properties: Transgelin is a small actin-binding protein that stabilizes actin structures and participates in actin-associated signaling pathways . It is transformation- and shape-sensitive, meaning its expression changes in response to cellular transformation and morphological changes .
Expression Patterns and Tissue Distribution: Transgelin is expressed in various tissues, including smooth muscle, fibroblasts, and certain immune cells . Transgelin-2, for instance, is the only family member present in leukocytes and is highly upregulated upon lipopolysaccharide stimulation .
Primary Biological Functions: Transgelin plays a role in regulating cell migration, proliferation, and apoptosis by interacting with the actin cytoskeleton . It is also involved in stabilizing the immune synapse between T cells and antigen-presenting cells (APCs), thereby facilitating immune responses .
Role in Immune Responses and Pathogen Recognition: Transgelin-2 enhances T cell adhesion to target cells and boosts the “inside-out” costimulatory activation of leukocyte function-associated antigen 1, making it crucial for effective immune responses .
Mechanisms with Other Molecules and Cells: Transgelin-2 acts as a molecular staple to stabilize the actin cytoskeleton and competes with cofilin to bind filamentous (F)-actin . This action helps stabilize the immune synapse during T-cell interaction with APCs .
Binding Partners and Downstream Signaling Cascades: Transgelin interacts with various proteins, including actin and cofilin, to regulate actin dynamics . It also blocks Arp2/3 complex-nucleated actin branching, which is related to small filopodia formation and enhanced phagocytic function .
Regulatory Mechanisms Controlling Expression and Activity: The expression of transgelin is regulated at both the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels . Mechanoregulation plays a significant role in its expression, particularly in response to mechanical signals such as tissue stiffness .
Transcriptional Regulation and Post-Translational Modifications: Transgelin expression is influenced by various transcription factors and signaling pathways. Post-translational modifications, such as phosphorylation, also play a role in modulating its activity .
Biomedical Research: Transgelin is studied for its role in cancer metastasis, particularly in colorectal cancer . Its expression levels are positively correlated with metastasis, making it a potential biomarker and therapeutic target .
Diagnostic Tools and Therapeutic Strategies: Transgelin-2 has potential applications in cell-based immunotherapies. For instance, cell-permeable transgelin-2 can enhance dendritic cell functions to suppress tumor growth and metastasis .
Role Throughout the Life Cycle: Transgelin plays a role in various stages of the life cycle, from development to aging and disease. It is involved in processes such as wound healing, inflammatory responses, and cancer progression . Its expression and function can change in response to different physiological and pathological conditions .
