Recombinant Proteins
Product List
PHB Human
Prohibitin Human Recombinant
PHB is fused to a 20 amino acid His-tag at N-terminus & purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
PHB2 Human
Prohibitin 2 Human Recombinant
Introduction
Prohibitin (PHB) refers to a family of highly conserved proteins found in various organisms, including humans, animals, fungi, plants, and unicellular eukaryotes . These proteins are classified into two main types: Type-I prohibitins (PHB1) and Type-II prohibitins (PHB2), based on their similarity to yeast PHB1 and PHB2, respectively .
Key Biological Properties: Prohibitins are ubiquitously expressed proteins present in the nucleus, cytosol, and mitochondria . They play critical roles in mitochondrial functions, including bioenergetics, biogenesis, and dynamics .
Expression Patterns and Tissue Distribution: Prohibitins are highly expressed in cells that heavily depend on mitochondrial function . They are present in various tissues, including those involved in high metabolic activities such as the heart, liver, and brain .
Primary Biological Functions: Prohibitins are involved in fundamental cellular processes such as cellular proliferation, mitochondrial housekeeping, and cell differentiation . They also play roles in regulating metabolism and signaling pathways .
Role in Immune Responses and Pathogen Recognition: Prohibitins act as adaptor molecules in membrane signaling and transcriptional co-regulators in the nucleus, contributing to immune cell functions .
Mechanisms with Other Molecules and Cells: Prohibitins function as scaffold proteins, forming complexes with other proteins to regulate mitochondrial metabolism and dynamics . They interact with various signaling proteins, including kinases and phosphatases .
Binding Partners and Downstream Signaling Cascades: Prohibitins bind to signaling proteins such as AMPK, C-RAF, and IKK, influencing downstream signaling pathways that control cell survival, proliferation, and metabolism .
Regulatory Mechanisms Controlling Expression and Activity: Prohibitins are regulated through transcriptional and post-translational modifications . These include phosphorylation by kinases such as Akt and protein kinase C, which affect their intracellular localization and interactions with other proteins .
Transcriptional Regulation and Post-Translational Modifications: Prohibitins undergo various post-translational modifications, including phosphorylation, which modulate their function and stability .
Biomedical Research: Prohibitins are studied for their roles in mitochondrial function and their implications in diseases such as cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, and cardiovascular diseases .
Diagnostic Tools and Therapeutic Strategies: Small molecules targeting prohibitins show promise in treating cancers, osteoporosis, inflammatory, cardiac, and neurological diseases . Prohibitins are also explored as potential biomarkers for disease diagnosis and prognosis .
Role Throughout the Life Cycle: Prohibitins play essential roles from development to aging and disease . They are involved in regulating cell growth, differentiation, and apoptosis, contributing to tissue homeostasis and organismal health .
From Development to Aging and Disease: Prohibitins are critical in maintaining mitochondrial function, which is vital for cellular energy production and overall cellular health. Their dysfunction is associated with aging and various diseases, including cancer and neurodegenerative disorders .
