Recombinant Proteins
Product List
PDCL Human
Phosducin-Like Human Recombinant
PDCL is fused to a 24 amino acid His-tag at N-terminus & purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
PDCL3 Human
Phosducin-Like 3 Human Recombinant
PDCL3 is fused to a 23 amino acid His-tag at N-terminus & purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Introduction
Phosducin-like proteins (PDCL) are a family of proteins that share significant sequence homology with phosducin, a phosphoprotein primarily expressed in the retina and pineal gland. These proteins are encoded by the PDCL gene and are known to modulate heterotrimeric G proteins by binding to their beta-gamma subunits . Phosducin-like proteins are classified based on their structural and functional similarities to phosducin, and they play crucial roles in various cellular processes.
Key Biological Properties: Phosducin-like proteins are involved in the regulation of G-protein signaling pathways. They exhibit protein-binding capabilities and are implicated in processes such as protein folding and signal transduction .
Expression Patterns: The expression of phosducin-like proteins varies across different tissues. They are predominantly expressed in the retina and pineal gland, but their presence has also been detected in other tissues such as the endothelial cells, visceral pleura, and oocytes .
Tissue Distribution: Phosducin-like proteins are widely distributed in various tissues, with notable expression in the pineal gland, cumulus cells, medial ganglionic eminence, stria vascularis, carotid body, superior cervical ganglion, and retinal pigment epithelium .
Primary Biological Functions: The primary function of phosducin-like proteins is to regulate G-protein signaling by binding to the beta-gamma subunits of G proteins. This interaction modulates various cellular processes, including visual perception and response to stimuli .
Role in Immune Responses and Pathogen Recognition: Phosducin-like proteins have been implicated in immune responses and pathogen recognition. For instance, PDCL3, a member of the phosducin-like protein family, has been identified as a prognostic and onco-immunological biomarker in glioma, suggesting its role in regulating the immune landscape of tumors .
Mechanisms with Other Molecules and Cells: Phosducin-like proteins interact with heterotrimeric G proteins by binding to their beta-gamma subunits. This binding modulates the signaling pathways mediated by G proteins, influencing various cellular responses .
Binding Partners: The primary binding partners of phosducin-like proteins are the beta-gamma subunits of G proteins. These interactions are crucial for the regulation of G-protein signaling pathways .
Downstream Signaling Cascades: By modulating the activity of G proteins, phosducin-like proteins influence downstream signaling cascades involved in processes such as visual perception, signal transduction, and cellular response to stimuli .
Transcriptional Regulation: The expression of phosducin-like proteins is regulated at the transcriptional level. For example, the transcription of the phosducin-like protein gene phlp1 is responsive to light, indicating a role for environmental factors in regulating its expression .
Post-Translational Modifications: Phosducin-like proteins undergo post-translational modifications, such as phosphorylation, which can influence their activity and interactions with other proteins .
Biomedical Research: Phosducin-like proteins are valuable in biomedical research due to their role in G-protein signaling and their involvement in various diseases. They serve as models for studying signal transduction and protein-protein interactions .
Diagnostic Tools: PDCL3 has been identified as a prognostic biomarker in glioma, highlighting its potential use in diagnostic applications for cancer .
Therapeutic Strategies: Understanding the regulatory mechanisms and functions of phosducin-like proteins can aid in the development of therapeutic strategies targeting G-protein signaling pathways in diseases such as cancer and hypertension .
Development: Phosducin-like proteins play a role in the development of various tissues, particularly in the retina and pineal gland, where they regulate visual perception and response to light .
Aging and Disease: The expression and activity of phosducin-like proteins can be influenced by aging and disease. For instance, alterations in PDCL3 expression have been associated with the progression of glioma, indicating a role in disease development and progression .
