Recombinant Proteins
Product List
ATP1B1 Human
ATPase Transporting Beta 1 Human Recombinant
ATP1B1 is fused to a 23 amino acid His-tag at N-terminus & purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
ATP1B1 Human, Sf9
ATPase Transporting Beta 1 Human Recombinant, Sf9
ATP1B1 is expressed with a 6 amino acid His tag at C-Terminus and purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
ATP1B2 Human
ATPaseTransporting Beta 2 Human Recombinant
ATP1B2 Human, Sf9
ATPase Transporting Beta 2 Human Recombinant, Sf9
ATP1B3 Human
ATPaseTransporting Beta 3 Human Recombinant
ATP1B3 is fused to a 23 amino acid His-tag at N-terminus & purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
ATP6AP2 Human
ATPase Transporting Lysosomal Accessory Protein 2 Human Recombinant
ATP6V1F Human
ATPase Transporting, Lysosomal V1 Subunit F Human Recombinant
ATP6V1F is fused to a 23 amino acid His-tag at N-terminus & purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
ATPIF1 Human
ATPase Inhibitory Factor 1 Human Recombinant
ATPIF1 is fused to a 25 amino acid His-tag at N-terminus & purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Introduction
ATPases (Adenosine Triphosphatases) are a class of enzymes that catalyze the decomposition of ATP into ADP and a free phosphate ion. This reaction releases energy, which the enzyme harnesses to drive other chemical reactions that would not otherwise occur . ATPases are classified into several types based on their structure and function, including F-type, V-type, A-type, and P-type ATPases .
ATPases are integral membrane proteins that play crucial roles in various biological processes. They are expressed in almost all tissues and are essential for maintaining cellular homeostasis . The expression patterns and tissue distribution of ATPases vary depending on the specific type of ATPase. For example, Na+/K±ATPase is predominantly found in the plasma membrane of animal cells, while V-ATPases are located in the membranes of intracellular organelles such as lysosomes and endosomes .
ATPases are involved in a wide range of biological functions. They are essential for active transport, muscle contraction, protein folding, and cellular signaling . Na+/K±ATPase, for instance, helps maintain the resting potential of cells, regulates cellular volume, and functions as a signal transducer . ATPases also play roles in immune responses and pathogen recognition by regulating the activity of immune cells and facilitating the transport of antigens .
ATPases function by binding to ATP and hydrolyzing it to ADP and inorganic phosphate. This hydrolysis reaction releases energy, which is used to drive conformational changes in the ATPase enzyme, allowing it to transport ions or other molecules across membranes . ATPases interact with various binding partners and are involved in downstream signaling cascades that regulate cellular processes .
The expression and activity of ATPases are tightly regulated by various mechanisms. Transcriptional regulation involves the control of ATPase gene expression by transcription factors and other regulatory proteins . Post-translational modifications, such as phosphorylation and ubiquitination, also play crucial roles in modulating ATPase activity and stability . Additionally, ATPase activity can be regulated by reversible disassembly and reassembly of the enzyme complex .
ATPases have numerous applications in biomedical research, diagnostics, and therapeutics. They are used as targets for drug discovery, with ATPase inhibitors being developed for the treatment of various diseases, including cancer and cardiovascular disorders . ATPase activity assays are employed to screen chemical compound libraries for potential enzyme inhibitors and to measure inhibitor potency . ATPases also serve as diagnostic markers for certain diseases and are used in the development of therapeutic strategies .
ATPases play vital roles throughout the life cycle, from development to aging and disease. During development, ATPases are involved in cell differentiation, tissue formation, and organ development . In adulthood, they maintain cellular homeostasis and support various physiological functions. As organisms age, changes in ATPase activity can contribute to the development of age-related diseases and conditions . Dysregulation of ATPase activity is also associated with various pathological conditions, including neurodegenerative diseases and cancer .
