Recombinant Proteins
Product List
SOST Human
Sclerostin Human Recombinant
SOST Human, HEK
Sclerostin Human Recombinant, HEK
SOST Human Recombinant produced in HEK293 cells is a single, glycosylated polypeptide chain (a.a 24-213) containing 196 amino acids including a 6 a.a C-terminal His tag. The total molecular mass is 22.4kDa (calculated).
HEK293 Cells.
SOSTDC1 Human
Sclerostin Domain Containing 1 Human Recombinant
SOSTDC1 is fused to a 23 amino acid His-tag at N-terminus & purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Introduction
Sclerostin is a secreted glycoprotein encoded by the SOST gene. It belongs to the DAN (differential screening-selected gene aberrative in neuroblastoma) family of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) antagonists . Sclerostin is primarily produced by osteocytes and has a significant role in bone metabolism by inhibiting bone formation .
Key Biological Properties: Sclerostin is a glycoprotein with a C-terminal cysteine knot-like (CTCK) domain . It is mainly produced by mature osteocytes, which are differentiated osteoblasts embedded within the bone matrix .
Expression Patterns: Sclerostin expression is predominantly found in bone tissue, particularly in trabecular bone . It is also expressed in other tissues such as the aorta, testicles, and kidneys .
Tissue Distribution: The highest expression of sclerostin is observed in the trabecular bone, followed by other tissues like the aorta and testicles .
Primary Biological Functions: Sclerostin plays a critical role in regulating bone formation by inhibiting the Wnt signaling pathway . It acts as a negative regulator of bone formation, thereby maintaining bone homeostasis .
Role in Immune Responses and Pathogen Recognition: While sclerostin’s primary function is in bone metabolism, it also has roles in the immune system. It modulates the development and differentiation of immune cells, particularly B cells .
Mechanisms with Other Molecules and Cells: Sclerostin exerts its effects by binding to low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein (LRP) 5/6, which are co-receptors in the Wnt signaling pathway . This binding inhibits the pathway, leading to decreased bone formation .
Binding Partners and Downstream Signaling Cascades: By binding to LRP5/6, sclerostin prevents the activation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, which is crucial for osteoblast differentiation and bone formation . This inhibition results in reduced bone formation and increased bone resorption .
Regulatory Mechanisms Controlling Expression and Activity: Sclerostin expression is regulated by mechanical loading, parathyroid hormone (PTH), and steroid signaling . Mechanical loading decreases sclerostin expression, promoting bone formation . PTH also downregulates sclerostin expression by inhibiting the activity of specific kinases .
Transcriptional Regulation and Post-Translational Modifications: The SOST gene is regulated at the transcriptional level by various factors, including mechanical stress and hormonal signals . Post-translational modifications of sclerostin, such as glycosylation, are essential for its stability and function .
Biomedical Research: Sclerostin is a critical target in osteoporosis research. Inhibitors of sclerostin, such as romosozumab, have been developed to treat osteoporosis by promoting bone formation .
Diagnostic Tools: Sclerostin levels can be measured in serum as a biomarker for bone metabolism and diseases related to bone density .
Therapeutic Strategies: Sclerostin inhibitors are used as therapeutic agents to treat bone diseases like osteoporosis. These inhibitors work by blocking sclerostin’s activity, thereby enhancing bone formation and reducing fracture risk .
Development to Aging and Disease: Sclerostin plays a vital role throughout the life cycle. During development, it helps regulate bone formation and growth . In adulthood, it maintains bone homeostasis by balancing bone formation and resorption . In aging, increased sclerostin levels are associated with decreased bone density and higher fracture risk .
