Recombinant Proteins
Product List
SPSB1 Human
SPRY Domain-Containing SOCS Cox Protein 1 Human Recombinant
SPSB1 is fused to a 21 amino acid His-tag at N-terminus & purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
SPSB2 Human
SPRY Domain-Containing SOCS Cox Protein 2 Human Recombinant
SPSB2 is fused to a 24 amino acid His-tag at N-terminus & purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Introduction
SPSB (SplA/Ryanodine Receptor Domain and SOCS Box Containing) proteins are a family of proteins characterized by the presence of a SPRY domain and a SOCS box. These proteins are involved in various cellular processes, including protein ubiquitination and degradation. The SPSB family includes several members, such as SPSB1, SPSB2, SPSB3, and SPSB4 .
Key Biological Properties: SPSB proteins are involved in protein ubiquitination and the ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process. They act as substrate recognition components of E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complexes .
Expression Patterns and Tissue Distribution: SPSB proteins are expressed in various tissues. For instance, SPSB1 is expressed in lymphoid tissue, bone marrow, testis, skeletal muscle, and lymphatic endothelial cells . SPSB2 is known to be upregulated in response to certain infections .
Primary Biological Functions: SPSB proteins play crucial roles in immune responses and pathogen recognition. They are involved in the ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of target proteins, which is essential for regulating protein levels within cells .
Role in Immune Responses and Pathogen Recognition: SPSB1, for example, negatively regulates nitric oxide (NO) production in activated macrophages by mediating the ubiquitination and degradation of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) . This regulation is crucial for controlling the extent of immune responses and preventing excessive inflammation .
Mechanisms with Other Molecules and Cells: SPSB proteins interact with various molecules and cells through their SPRY domain, which facilitates binding to specific target proteins . For instance, SPSB1 acts as a bridge linking iNOS with the ECS E3 ubiquitin ligase complex components .
Binding Partners and Downstream Signaling Cascades: SPSB proteins recruit target proteins to E3 ubiquitin ligase complexes, leading to their ubiquitination and degradation. This process is essential for regulating protein levels and maintaining cellular homeostasis .
Regulatory Mechanisms Controlling Expression and Activity: The expression and activity of SPSB proteins are regulated at multiple levels. Transcriptional regulation involves various signaling pathways, including those activated by Toll-like receptors (TLRs) . Post-translational modifications, such as ubiquitination, also play a critical role in controlling the activity of SPSB proteins .
Transcriptional Regulation and Post-Translational Modifications: SPSB1 is regulated by TLR pathways that induce iNOS expression. This regulation involves a negative-feedback loop that controls the extent of iNOS induction and NO production .
Biomedical Research: SPSB proteins are valuable tools in biomedical research for studying protein ubiquitination and degradation mechanisms. They are also used to investigate immune responses and pathogen recognition .
Diagnostic Tools and Therapeutic Strategies: SPSB proteins have potential applications in developing diagnostic tools and therapeutic strategies. For example, inhibitors targeting SPSB-iNOS interactions could be used to augment NO production, which may have antimicrobial and anticancer activities .
