Recombinant Proteins
Product List
PEX19 Human
Peroxisomal Biogenesis Factor 19 Human Recombinant
The PEX19 is fused to a 20 amino acid His-Tag at N-terminus and purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
PEX26 Human
Peroxisomal Biogenesis Factor 26 Human Recombinant
Introduction
Peroxisomal Biogenesis Factors, also known as peroxins, are proteins essential for the formation and normal functioning of peroxisomes . Peroxisomes are single-membrane-bound organelles present in almost all eukaryotic cells, involved in various metabolic processes, including lipid metabolism and reactive oxygen species detoxification . Peroxins are encoded by PEX genes, and over 30 PEX genes have been identified across different species . These genes can be classified into two groups: those involved in peroxisomal protein import (e.g., PEX1, PEX2, PEX4, PEX5, PEX6, PEX7, PEX10, PEX12, PEX13, PEX14) and those involved in maintaining peroxisomal structure (e.g., PEX3, PEX11, PEX16, PEX19) .
Peroxisomal Biogenesis Factors exhibit specific expression patterns and tissue distribution. They are ubiquitously expressed in almost all eukaryotic cells . The expression of these factors is tightly regulated to ensure proper peroxisome function and maintenance . Peroxisomes are particularly abundant in tissues with high metabolic activity, such as the liver, kidney, and brain . The key biological properties of peroxins include their role in peroxisomal membrane assembly, matrix protein import, and peroxisome proliferation .
Peroxisomal Biogenesis Factors play crucial roles in various biological functions. They are involved in the β-oxidation of fatty acids, synthesis of ether phospholipids, and regulation of cellular redox balance . Peroxisomes also contribute to the immune response by participating in pathogen recognition and defense mechanisms . Loss of peroxisomal function can lead to severe metabolic disorders, highlighting the importance of these factors in maintaining cellular homeostasis .
Peroxisomal Biogenesis Factors interact with other molecules and cells through various mechanisms. They facilitate the import of peroxisomal matrix proteins by recognizing specific targeting signals and transporting them into the peroxisome . Peroxins also interact with other organelles, such as the endoplasmic reticulum, to coordinate peroxisome biogenesis . Downstream signaling cascades involving peroxins regulate peroxisome proliferation and function .
The expression and activity of Peroxisomal Biogenesis Factors are controlled by multiple regulatory mechanisms. Transcriptional regulation involves various transcription factors that bind to the promoter regions of PEX genes . Post-translational modifications, such as phosphorylation and ubiquitination, also play a role in modulating peroxin activity and stability . These regulatory mechanisms ensure the proper functioning and maintenance of peroxisomes under different physiological conditions .
Peroxisomal Biogenesis Factors have significant applications in biomedical research, diagnostic tools, and therapeutic strategies. Understanding the role of peroxins in peroxisome biogenesis and function can provide insights into the pathogenesis of peroxisomal disorders, such as Zellweger syndrome . Diagnostic tools targeting peroxins can help in the early detection of these disorders . Therapeutic strategies aimed at modulating peroxin activity may offer potential treatments for peroxisomal disorders and related metabolic diseases .
