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Product List
S100A2 Human
S100 Calcium Binding Protein A2 Human Recombinant
S100A2 Human Recombinant fused with a 20 amino acid His tag at N-terminus produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated, polypeptide chain containing 117 amino acids (1-97 a.a.) and having a molecular mass of 13.1kDa. The S100A2 is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Shipped with Ice Packs 
Cat. No.
BT29840
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Appearance
Sterile Filtered colorless solution.
S100A3 Human
S100 Calcium Binding Protein A3 Human Recombinant
S100A3 Human Recombinant produced in E.coli is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 121 amino acids (1-101) and having a molecular mass of 13.9kDa.
The S100A3 is fused to a 20 amino acid His-Tag at N-terminus and purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
The S100A3 is fused to a 20 amino acid His-Tag at N-terminus and purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Shipped with Ice Packs
S100A3 Mouse
S100 Calcium Binding Protein A3 Mouse Recombinant
S100A3 Mouse Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 125 amino acids (1-101 a.a) and having a molecular mass of 14.3kDa.
S100A3 is fused to a 24 amino acid His-tag at N-terminus & purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
S100A3 is fused to a 24 amino acid His-tag at N-terminus & purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT29964
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Appearance
S100A3 is supplied as a sterile filtered clear solution.
S100A4 Human
S100 Calcium-Binding Protein A4 Human Recombinant
S100A4 Human Recombinant produced in E.coli is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 121 amino acids (1-101) and having a molecular mass of 13.8 kDa.
The S100A4 is fused to a 20 amino acid His-Tag at N-terminus and purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
The S100A4 is fused to a 20 amino acid His-Tag at N-terminus and purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Shipped with Ice Packs
S100A4 Mouse
S100 Calcium Binding Protein A4 Mouse Recombinant
S100A4 Mouse Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 121 amino acids (1-101 a.a) and having a molecular mass of 13.9kDa.
S100A4 is fused to a 20 amino acid His-tag at N-terminus & purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
S100A4 is fused to a 20 amino acid His-tag at N-terminus & purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Shipped with Ice Packs
S100A5 Human
S100 Calcium Binding Protein A5 Human Recombinant
S100A5 Human Recombinant fused with a 20 amino acid His tag at N-terminus produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated, polypeptide chain containing 112 amino acids (1-92 a.a.) and having a molecular mass of 12.9kDa. The S100A5 is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT30140
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Appearance
Sterile Filtered colorless solution.
S100A5 Mouse
S100 Calcium Binding Protein A5 Mouse Recombinant
S100A5 Mouse Recombinant produced in E.coli is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 117 amino acids (1-93) and having a molecular mass of 13.4kDa.
The S100A5 is fused to a 24 amino acid His-Tag at N-terminus and purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
The S100A5 is fused to a 24 amino acid His-Tag at N-terminus and purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Shipped with Ice Packs
Cat. No.
BT30189
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Appearance
S100A9 is supplied as a sterile filtered clear solution.
Introduction
Definition and Classification
Calcium binding proteins (CaBPs) are a diverse group of proteins that have the ability to bind calcium ions (Ca²⁺) through specific domains known as EF-hand motifs. These proteins play crucial roles in various cellular processes by regulating calcium signaling pathways. CaBPs can be classified into several families based on their structure and function, including calmodulins, troponins, S100 proteins, and annexins.
Biological Properties
Key Biological Properties:
- Calcium Binding: CaBPs have high affinity for calcium ions, which allows them to act as calcium sensors and buffers.
- Conformational Changes: Binding of calcium induces conformational changes in CaBPs, enabling them to interact with target proteins.
- Versatility: CaBPs are involved in a wide range of cellular functions due to their ability to bind calcium and interact with various proteins.
Expression Patterns:
- CaBPs are ubiquitously expressed in many tissues, but their expression levels can vary significantly depending on the tissue type and physiological conditions.
Tissue Distribution:
- Calmodulins: Found in almost all eukaryotic cells.
- Troponins: Predominantly present in cardiac and skeletal muscles.
- S100 Proteins: Expressed in the brain, heart, and other tissues.
- Annexins: Widely distributed in various tissues, including the lungs, liver, and kidneys.
Biological Functions
Primary Biological Functions:
- Signal Transduction: CaBPs play a key role in translating calcium signals into cellular responses.
- Muscle Contraction: Troponins regulate muscle contraction by controlling the interaction between actin and myosin.
- Cell Cycle Regulation: Calmodulins are involved in cell cycle progression and division.
- Neurotransmitter Release: S100 proteins modulate neurotransmitter release in the nervous system.
Role in Immune Responses:
- CaBPs are involved in the activation and regulation of immune cells, such as T cells and macrophages, by modulating calcium-dependent signaling pathways.
Pathogen Recognition:
- Certain CaBPs, like S100 proteins, can recognize and bind to pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), playing a role in the innate immune response.
Modes of Action
Mechanisms with Other Molecules and Cells:
- CaBPs interact with a variety of target proteins, including enzymes, ion channels, and structural proteins, to modulate their activity.
Binding Partners:
- Calmodulins: Bind to and regulate kinases, phosphatases, and other signaling proteins.
- Troponins: Interact with actin and myosin in muscle fibers.
- S100 Proteins: Bind to receptors on immune cells and other target proteins.
- Annexins: Interact with phospholipids and membrane proteins.
Downstream Signaling Cascades:
- CaBPs initiate and regulate various signaling pathways, such as the calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase (CaMK) pathway, which is involved in processes like memory formation and muscle contraction.
Regulatory Mechanisms
Regulatory Mechanisms that Control Expression and Activity:
- Transcriptional Regulation: The expression of CaBPs is regulated by transcription factors that respond to cellular signals and environmental cues.
- Post-Translational Modifications: CaBPs can undergo modifications such as phosphorylation, acetylation, and ubiquitination, which can alter their activity, stability, and interactions with other proteins.
Applications
Biomedical Research:
- CaBPs are used as markers to study calcium signaling pathways and their role in various diseases, including cancer and neurodegenerative disorders.
Diagnostic Tools:
- Elevated levels of certain CaBPs, such as troponins, are used as biomarkers for diagnosing myocardial infarction and other cardiac conditions.
Therapeutic Strategies:
- Targeting CaBPs and their interactions with other proteins is being explored as a potential therapeutic approach for treating diseases like cancer, heart disease, and inflammatory disorders.
Role in the Life Cycle
Role Throughout the Life Cycle:
- Development: CaBPs are essential for proper embryonic development, particularly in the formation of the nervous system and muscles.
- Aging: Changes in the expression and function of CaBPs are associated with aging and age-related diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease and sarcopenia.
- Disease: Dysregulation of CaBPs is implicated in various diseases, including cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and neurodegenerative disorders.
