S100A3 Human

S100 Calcium Binding Protein A3 (S100A3) is a member of the S100 family of proteins, which are characterized by their ability to bind calcium ions through EF-hand motifs. These proteins play crucial roles in various cellular processes, including cell cycle progression, differentiation, and signal transduction.

S100A3 contains two EF-hand calcium-binding motifs, which are helix-loop-helix structures that facilitate calcium ion binding. This protein is localized in the cytoplasm and/or nucleus of a wide range of cells . It binds calcium with low affinity and zinc with high affinity, suggesting its involvement in calcium-dependent differentiation of cuticle cells and the formation of hair shafts .

Recombinant human S100A3 protein is typically expressed in systems such as E. coli or wheat germ. For instance, the recombinant protein with a His-tag at the N-terminus is expressed in E. coli and purified using conventional chromatography techniques . Another variant is expressed in wheat germ and is suitable for applications like SDS-PAGE, ELISA, and Western Blotting .

S100A3 is believed to play a role in the differentiation of cuticle cells and the formation of hair shafts. It is also involved in the regulation of various cellular processes such as cell cycle progression and differentiation . The protein’s ability to bind both calcium and zinc ions highlights its potential regulatory functions in cellular activities.

Recombinant S100A3 protein is used in various research applications, including:

• SDS-PAGE: For analyzing protein purity and molecular weight.
• ELISA: For detecting and quantifying proteins.
• Western Blotting: For identifying specific proteins in a sample.