Enzymes
Product List
PPP2R1A Human
Protein Phosphatase 2, Regulatory Subunit A Alpha Human Recombinant
PPP2R1A Human Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a single,
non-glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 612 amino acids (1-589 a.a) and
having a molecular mass of 67.7kDa.PPP2R1A is fused to a 23 amino acid His-tag at N-terminus
& purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
PPP3CA Human
Protein Phosphatase 3, Catalytic subunit, Alpha Isozyme Human Recombinant
PPP3R1 Human
Protein Phosphatase 3, Regulatory subunit, Alpha Isozyme Recombinant Human
PPP3R1 is fused to a 20 amino acid His-tag at N-terminus & purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
PPP3R2 Human
Protein Phosphatase 3 Regulatory subunit, Beta Isozyme Human Recombinant
PPP3R2 Human Recombinant fused with a 20 a.a. His tag at N-terminus produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated, polypeptide chain (a.a. 1-173) containing 193 amino acids and having a molecular mass of 22kDa.
The PPP3R2 is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
PPP4C Human
Protein Phosphatase 4 Catalytic subunit Human Recombinant
PPP4C is fused to a 23 amino acid His-tag at N-terminus & purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
PSPH Human
Phosphoserine Phosphatase Human Recombinant
PSP was overexpressed in E. coli and purified by conventional chromatography.
RNGTT Human
RNA Guanylyltransferase And 5'-Phosphatase Human Recombinant
SSU72 Human
SSU72 RNA Polymerase II CTD Phosphatase Human Recombinant
SSU72 is fused to a 23 amino acid His-tag at N-terminus & purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
THTPA Human
Thiamine Triphosphatase Human Recombinant
ACPP Mouse
Acid Phosphatase Prostate Mouse Recombinant
ACPP Mouse produced in Sf9 Baculovirus cells is a single, glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 356 amino acids (32-381 aa) and having a molecular mass of 41.3kDa.
ACPP is fused to a 6 amino acid His tag at C-terminus and purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Introduction
Phosphatases are a group of enzymes that catalyze the removal of phosphate groups from molecules, a process known as dephosphorylation. They play a crucial role in various cellular processes by regulating the phosphorylation state of proteins and other molecules. Phosphatases are broadly classified into two main categories:
- Protein Phosphatases: These enzymes specifically target phosphorylated amino acid residues in proteins. They are further divided into:
- Serine/Threonine Phosphatases: Target serine or threonine residues.
- Tyrosine Phosphatases: Target tyrosine residues.
- Dual-Specificity Phosphatases: Can target both serine/threonine and tyrosine residues.
- Non-Protein Phosphatases: These enzymes act on non-protein substrates, such as nucleotides, sugars, and lipids.
Key Biological Properties:
- Catalytic Activity: Phosphatases hydrolyze phosphate esters, releasing inorganic phosphate.
- Substrate Specificity: They exhibit specificity for their substrates, which can be proteins, nucleotides, or other molecules.
Expression Patterns:
- Phosphatases are ubiquitously expressed in various tissues and cell types, with specific isoforms showing distinct expression patterns.
Tissue Distribution:
- Protein Phosphatases: Widely distributed across tissues, with high expression in the brain, liver, and muscles.
- Non-Protein Phosphatases: Found in various tissues, depending on their specific substrates.
Primary Biological Functions:
- Regulation of Signal Transduction: Phosphatases modulate signaling pathways by dephosphorylating key signaling molecules.
- Cell Cycle Control: They play a role in cell cycle progression by regulating the phosphorylation state of cell cycle proteins.
- Metabolic Regulation: Phosphatases are involved in metabolic pathways by dephosphorylating metabolic enzymes.
Role in Immune Responses:
- Phosphatases regulate immune cell activation and function by modulating signaling pathways involved in immune responses.
Pathogen Recognition:
- Some phosphatases are involved in recognizing and responding to pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), contributing to the immune defense.
Mechanisms with Other Molecules and Cells:
- Phosphatases interact with various molecules, including proteins, lipids, and nucleotides, to exert their dephosphorylation activity.
Binding Partners:
- They often form complexes with other proteins, which can regulate their activity and substrate specificity.
Downstream Signaling Cascades:
- By dephosphorylating key signaling molecules, phosphatases influence downstream signaling pathways, affecting cellular responses such as proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis.
Regulatory Mechanisms:
- Transcriptional Regulation: The expression of phosphatases is regulated at the transcriptional level by various transcription factors and signaling pathways.
- Post-Translational Modifications: Phosphatases themselves can be regulated by post-translational modifications, such as phosphorylation, ubiquitination, and methylation, which can alter their activity, stability, and localization.
Biomedical Research:
- Phosphatases are studied to understand their role in various diseases, including cancer, diabetes, and neurodegenerative disorders.
Diagnostic Tools:
- Phosphatase activity assays are used in diagnostic tests to measure enzyme activity in biological samples, aiding in the diagnosis of certain diseases.
Therapeutic Strategies:
- Inhibitors of specific phosphatases are being developed as potential therapeutic agents for diseases where phosphatase activity is dysregulated.
Role Throughout the Life Cycle:
- Development: Phosphatases are involved in embryonic development by regulating signaling pathways that control cell differentiation and tissue formation.
- Aging: Changes in phosphatase activity have been associated with aging and age-related diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease.
- Disease: Dysregulation of phosphatase activity is implicated in various diseases, including cancer, where altered phosphorylation states can lead to uncontrolled cell growth and proliferation.
