Cytokines
Product List
IL1R2 Human
Interleukin 1 Receptor Type 2 Human Recombinant
IL1R2 produced in Sf9 Insect cells is a single, glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 338 amino acids (14-343a.a.) and having a molecular mass of 38.8kDa (Molecular size on SDS-PAGE will appear at approximately 40-57kDa).
IL1R2 is expressed with an 8 amino acid His tag at C-Terminus and purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Sf9, Insect cells.
IL1RA Mouse, His Active
Interleukin-1 Receptor Antagonist Mouse Recombinant, Active His Tag
IL1RA Mouse Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 177 amino acids (27-178 aa) and having a molecular mass of 20kDa.
IL1RA is fused to a 25 amino acid His tag at N-terminus and purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Escherichia Coli.
IL1RL1 Human
Interleukin-1 receptor-like 1 Human Recombinant
The IL1RL1 is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
IL1RL1 Human, Sf9
Interleukin-1 Receptor Like-1 Human Recombinant, Sf9
IL 1RL1 shows multiple bands between 40-57kDa on SDS-PAGE, reducing conditions and purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
IL1RL1 Human, Sf9 Active
Interleukin-1 Receptor Like-1 Human Recombinant, Sf9 Active
IL1RL1 produced in Sf9 Baculovirus cells is a single, glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 318 amino acids (19-328a.a.) and having a molecular mass of 36.0kDa. (Molecular size on SDS-PAGE will appear at approximately 40-57kDa).
IL1RL1 is expressed with an 8 amino acid His tag at C-Terminus and purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
IL-2 Canine
Interleukin-2 Canine Recombinant
Interleukin-2 Canine Recombinant produced in E. coli is a non-glycosylated monomer chain containing 136 amino acids and having a molecular mass of 15.6kDa.
IL-2 is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Escherichia Coli.
IL2 Canine, His
Interleukin-2 Canine Recombinant, His Tag
IL2 Canine Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 160 amino acids (21-155 a.a) and having a molecular mass of 18.1 kDa.
IL2 Canine is fused to a 25 amino acid His-tag at N-terminus & purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Sterile filtered colorless solution.
IL2 Feline
Interleukin-2 Feline Recombinant
IL2 Feline Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 157 amino acids (21-154 a.a) and having a molecular mass of 17.8kDa. IL2 is fused to a 23 amino acid His-tag at N-terminus & purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
IL21 Canine
Interleukin-21 Canine Recombinant
IL21 Canine Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 130 amino acids (18-146a.a.) and having a molecular mass of 15kDa.
Escherichia Coli.
IL21 Human, Sf9
Interleukin-21, Sf9 Human Recombinant
IL21 produced in Sf9 Baculovirus cells is a single, glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 145 amino acids (30-162a.a.) and having a molecular mass of 16.9kDa. (Molecular size on SDS-PAGE will appear at approximately 18-28kDa).
IL21 is expressed with a 12 amino acid His tag at C-Terminus and purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Sf9, Baculovirus cells.
Sterile filtered colorless solution.
Introduction
Interleukins (ILs) are a group of cytokines, which are secreted proteins and signal molecules primarily produced by leukocytes (white blood cells). They play a crucial role in the immune system by mediating communication between cells . The human genome encodes more than 50 interleukins and related proteins . Interleukins are classified based on their structure and function, with common families including IL-1, IL-2, IL-6, and IL-12 .
Key Biological Properties: Interleukins are biologically active glycoproteins derived primarily from activated lymphocytes and macrophages . They induce T-lymphocyte activation and proliferation, augment neutrophil, macrophage, and T-lymphocyte cytotoxicity, and promote B lymphocyte and multilineage bone marrow stem-cell precursor growth and differentiation .
Expression Patterns and Tissue Distribution: Interleukins are produced by various cell types, including immune cells like macrophages and lymphocytes . They are expressed in different tissues, such as the bone marrow, thymus, and other epithelial cells .
Primary Biological Functions: Interleukins modulate the growth, differentiation, and activation of immune cells during inflammatory and immune responses . They play a role in both innate and adaptive immune responses .
Role in Immune Responses and Pathogen Recognition: Interleukins are involved in the regulation of immune responses, inflammatory reactions, and hematopoiesis . They help coordinate the body’s response to infections, inflammation, and other immune challenges .
Mechanisms with Other Molecules and Cells: Interleukins interact with specific cell surface receptors to stimulate target cells . For example, IL-6 controls leucocyte recruitment, determines the activity and maintenance of the inflammatory infiltrate, and drives various innate and adaptive immune responses .
Binding Partners and Downstream Signaling Cascades: Interleukins bind to their respective receptors, triggering downstream signaling pathways such as the Janus kinase (JAK)-signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) pathways . These signaling cascades lead to various cellular responses, including proliferation, differentiation, and cytokine production .
Regulatory Mechanisms Controlling Expression and Activity: The expression and activity of interleukins are regulated by complex molecular mechanisms. For example, IL-10 production is regulated by metabolic pathways and molecular signals downstream of the IL-10 receptor .
Transcriptional Regulation and Post-Translational Modifications: Interleukins undergo transcriptional regulation and post-translational modifications to ensure proper function. These modifications can include phosphorylation, glycosylation, and cleavage .
Biomedical Research: Interleukins are extensively studied in biomedical research for their roles in immune regulation and disease pathogenesis .
Diagnostic Tools: Interleukins serve as biomarkers for various diseases, aiding in diagnosis and monitoring of disease progression .
Therapeutic Strategies: Interleukins are used in therapeutic strategies, such as cancer immunotherapy and treatment of autoimmune diseases . For example, engineered cytokines from the IL-2 family have shown significant effects in tumor immunotherapy .
Role Throughout the Life Cycle: Interleukins play essential roles throughout the life cycle, from development to aging and disease. They regulate hematopoiesis, immune responses, and inflammation . For instance, IL-5 regulates eosinophil proliferation and differentiation, while IL-1 is involved in inflammatory responses .
