Cytokines
Product List
CTF1 Human
Cardiotrophin-1 Human Recombinant
The CTF1 is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
CTF1 Human, His
Cardiotrophin-1 Human Recombinant, His Tag
CTF1 Mouse
Cardiotrophin-1 Mouse Recombinant
The CTF1 Mouse is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
CTF1 Rat
Cardiotrophin-1 Rat Recombinant
The CTF1 Rat is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
CTF2P Mouse
Neuropoietin Mouse Recombinant
Neuropoietin Mouse Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a non-glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 182 amino acids and having a molecular mass of approximately 19.7kDa.
CTF2P is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Escherichia Coli.
Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder.
Introduction
Cardiotrophin-1 (CT-1) is a cytokine belonging to the interleukin-6 (IL-6) superfamily of proinflammatory cytokines . It is a cardiac hypertrophic factor with a molecular weight of approximately 21.5 kDa . CT-1 is known for its role in inducing hypertrophy in cardiomyocytes and is associated with various cardiovascular diseases .
Key Biological Properties: CT-1 has hypertrophic and cardioprotective properties . It acts through the leukemia inhibitory factor receptor (LIFR) and glycoprotein 130 (gp130)-coupled signaling pathways .
Expression Patterns: CT-1 is expressed in many tissues, including the heart, vessels, skeletal muscle, prostate, ovary, lung, kidney, pancreas, thymus, testis, and small intestine .
Tissue Distribution: CT-1 is highly expressed in the heart and skeletal muscle, with lower levels in other tissues such as the lung, kidney, and pancreas .
Primary Biological Functions: CT-1 plays a crucial role in cardiac hypertrophy, cardioprotection, and the healing and remodeling processes following myocardial infarction . It also has roles in fibrosis, hypertension, and diabetes .
Role in Immune Responses and Pathogen Recognition: As a member of the IL-6 superfamily, CT-1 contributes to immune homeostasis and the inflammatory response to infection, trauma, or injury .
Mechanisms with Other Molecules and Cells: CT-1 exerts its cellular effects by interacting with the gp130/LIFR heterodimer . It activates several intracellular signaling pathways, including the extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK), mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases, the janus kinase (JAK)/signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT) system, and PI3-kinase/Akt .
Binding Partners and Downstream Signaling Cascades: CT-1 enhances transcription factor NF-κB DNA-binding activities and activates phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI-3 kinase) in cardiac myocytes .
Transcriptional Regulation: Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) mediates the up-regulation of CT-1 in response to hypoxic stress . This regulation involves direct interaction with the CTF1 promoter .
Post-Translational Modifications: CT-1 activity is modulated by various post-translational modifications, including phosphorylation and interactions with other signaling molecules .
Biomedical Research: CT-1 is studied for its role in cardiac hypertrophy, heart failure, and myocardial infarction . It is also investigated for its potential in promoting cardiac repair and wound healing .
Diagnostic Tools: Elevated plasma levels of CT-1 are associated with the severity of hypertrophy in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and other cardiovascular diseases . CT-1 is considered a potential biomarker for these conditions .
Therapeutic Strategies: CT-1 is explored as a therapeutic target for treating heart failure, myocardial infarction, and other cardiovascular diseases . Its cardioprotective properties make it a promising candidate for developing new treatments .
Development: CT-1 plays a role in normal cardiac development and the protection of cardiac myocytes from ischemic and reperfusion injury .
Aging and Disease: CT-1 expression increases in response to cardiac stress and contributes to the healing and remodeling processes in aging and diseased hearts . It is involved in the pathogenesis of various cardiovascular diseases, including heart failure, hypertension, and diabetes .
