Cytokines
Product List
sIL 2R Human
Interleukin-2 alpha Soluble Receptor Human Recombinant
The IL-2R is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
sIL 6R Human
Interleukin-6 Soluble Receptor Human Recombinant
The sIL6R is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
sIL6R Human, Sf9
IL-6 Soluble Receptor Human Recombinant, Sf9
sIL6R produced in Sf9 Baculovirus cells is a single, glycosylated polypeptide chain (20-365 a.a.) and fused to a 6 aa His Tag at C-terminus containing a total of 355 amino acids and having a molecular mass of 39.6kDa.
sIL6R purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
IL31 Canine, His
Interleukin-31 Canine Recombinant, His Tag
IL31 Canine Recombinant produced in Sf9 Baculovirus cells is a single, glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 142 amino acids (24-159a.a.) and having a molecular mass of 16.1kDa (Molecular size on SDS-PAGE will appear at approximately 18-28kDa).
IL31 is fused to a 6 amino acid His-Tag at C-terminus and purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Sf9, Baculovirus cells.
Sterile filtered colorless solution.
IL31 Mouse
Interleukin-31 Mouse Recombinant
IL33 Mouse, His
Interleukin-33 Mouse Recombinant, His Tag
IL33 is fused to a 23 amino acid His-tag at N-terminus & purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
IL34 Human
Interleukin-34 Human Recombinant
IL34 Human Recombinant produced in CHO cells is a glycosylated homodimeric polypeptide chain containing 228 amino acids and having a total molecular mass of 26kDa.
IL34 is fused to a 6 amino acid His-tag at C-terminus & purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
CHO cells.
IL34 Human, His
Interleukin 34 Human Recombinant, His Tag
IL34 Human, Sf9
Interleukin 34 Human Recombinant, Sf9
IL34 produced in Sf9 Insect cells is a single, glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 231 amino acids (21-242a.a.) and having a molecular mass of 26.3kDa (Molecular size on SDS-PAGE will appear at approximately 28-40kDa).
IL34 is expressed with an 9 amino acid His tag at C-Terminus and purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Sf9, Insect cells.
IL34 Mouse
Interleukin 34 Mouse Recombinant
IL34 is fused to a 21 amino acid His-tag at N-terminus & purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Introduction
Interleukins (ILs) are a group of cytokines, which are secreted proteins and signal molecules primarily produced by leukocytes (white blood cells). They play a crucial role in the immune system by mediating communication between cells . The human genome encodes more than 50 interleukins and related proteins . Interleukins are classified based on their structure and function, with common families including IL-1, IL-2, IL-6, and IL-12 .
Key Biological Properties: Interleukins are biologically active glycoproteins derived primarily from activated lymphocytes and macrophages . They induce T-lymphocyte activation and proliferation, augment neutrophil, macrophage, and T-lymphocyte cytotoxicity, and promote B lymphocyte and multilineage bone marrow stem-cell precursor growth and differentiation .
Expression Patterns and Tissue Distribution: Interleukins are produced by various cell types, including immune cells like macrophages and lymphocytes . They are expressed in different tissues, such as the bone marrow, thymus, and other epithelial cells .
Primary Biological Functions: Interleukins modulate the growth, differentiation, and activation of immune cells during inflammatory and immune responses . They play a role in both innate and adaptive immune responses .
Role in Immune Responses and Pathogen Recognition: Interleukins are involved in the regulation of immune responses, inflammatory reactions, and hematopoiesis . They help coordinate the body’s response to infections, inflammation, and other immune challenges .
Mechanisms with Other Molecules and Cells: Interleukins interact with specific cell surface receptors to stimulate target cells . For example, IL-6 controls leucocyte recruitment, determines the activity and maintenance of the inflammatory infiltrate, and drives various innate and adaptive immune responses .
Binding Partners and Downstream Signaling Cascades: Interleukins bind to their respective receptors, triggering downstream signaling pathways such as the Janus kinase (JAK)-signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) pathways . These signaling cascades lead to various cellular responses, including proliferation, differentiation, and cytokine production .
Regulatory Mechanisms Controlling Expression and Activity: The expression and activity of interleukins are regulated by complex molecular mechanisms. For example, IL-10 production is regulated by metabolic pathways and molecular signals downstream of the IL-10 receptor .
Transcriptional Regulation and Post-Translational Modifications: Interleukins undergo transcriptional regulation and post-translational modifications to ensure proper function. These modifications can include phosphorylation, glycosylation, and cleavage .
Biomedical Research: Interleukins are extensively studied in biomedical research for their roles in immune regulation and disease pathogenesis .
Diagnostic Tools: Interleukins serve as biomarkers for various diseases, aiding in diagnosis and monitoring of disease progression .
Therapeutic Strategies: Interleukins are used in therapeutic strategies, such as cancer immunotherapy and treatment of autoimmune diseases . For example, engineered cytokines from the IL-2 family have shown significant effects in tumor immunotherapy .
Role Throughout the Life Cycle: Interleukins play essential roles throughout the life cycle, from development to aging and disease. They regulate hematopoiesis, immune responses, and inflammation . For instance, IL-5 regulates eosinophil proliferation and differentiation, while IL-1 is involved in inflammatory responses .
