Growth Factors
Product List
GH Antagonist Chicken
Growth Hormone Antagonist Chicken Recombinant
The Chicken Growth-Hormone Antagonist Recombinant is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
GH Antagonist Ovine
Growth Hormone Antagonist Ovine Recombinant
The Somatotropin Ovine Antagonist Recombinant is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
GH Bovine
Growth Hormone Bovine Recombinant
The GH Bovine Recombinant is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
GH Carp
Growth Hormone Carp Recombinant
Growth Hormone Carp is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
GH Chicken
GH Chicken Recombinant
GH Chicken Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated, polypeptide chain containing 191 amino acids with an additional Ala at its N-terminus and having a molecular mass of 22255 Dalton.
GH Chicken recombinant is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
GH Denis
GH Denis Recombinant
GH Denis Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated, polypeptide chain containing 190 amino acids and having a molecular mass of 21810 Dalton.
GH is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
GH Gilthead Seabream
Growth Hormone Gilthead Seabream Recombinant
The Gilthead Seabream Growth-Hormone Recombinant is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
GH Human
Growth Hormone Human Recombinant
GH Human 20kDa
Growth Hormone Pituitary 20kDa Human Recombinant
HGH-20kDa is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
GH Human, HEK
Growth Hormone Human Recombinant, HEK
The GH is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Introduction
Growth hormone (GH), also known as somatotropin or human growth hormone (hGH), is a peptide hormone that stimulates growth, cell reproduction, and cell regeneration in humans and other animals . It is secreted by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland and plays a crucial role in human development . GH is classified as a mitogen, which is specific to certain types of cells .
Key Biological Properties: GH is a 191-amino acid, single-chain polypeptide . It stimulates protein synthesis, increases fat breakdown, and opposes the action of insulin . GH also stimulates the production of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), which mediates many of its growth-promoting effects .
Expression Patterns and Tissue Distribution: GH is synthesized and secreted by somatotropic cells in the anterior pituitary gland . It is released in a pulsatile manner, with surges occurring after the onset of deep sleep . GH receptors are widely distributed in various tissues, including the liver, muscle, and bone .
Primary Biological Functions: GH stimulates the growth of essentially all tissues of the body, including bone . It plays a vital role in normal physical growth in children, with levels peaking during puberty . GH also promotes lipolysis, increases muscle mass, and enhances protein synthesis .
Role in Immune Responses and Pathogen Recognition: GH has been shown to stimulate immune function, although the exact mechanisms are not fully understood . It is believed to enhance the activity of immune cells and promote the production of cytokines .
Mechanisms with Other Molecules and Cells: GH exerts its effects by binding to the growth hormone receptor (GHR) on target cells . This binding activates the JAK-STAT signaling pathway, leading to the transcription of GH-responsive genes . GH also stimulates the production of IGF-1, which acts in an autocrine and paracrine manner to promote growth .
Binding Partners and Downstream Signaling Cascades: GH binds to GHR, which then associates with Janus kinase 2 (JAK2), leading to the phosphorylation of both GHR and JAK2 . This activation triggers downstream signaling cascades, including the MAPK and PI3K/AKT pathways .
Regulatory Mechanisms Controlling Expression and Activity: GH secretion is regulated by the hypothalamic hormones growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) and somatostatin . GHRH stimulates GH release, while somatostatin inhibits it . Additionally, GH secretion is influenced by metabolic factors, such as glucose and lipid levels, and peripheral hormones like insulin .
Transcriptional Regulation and Post-Translational Modifications: GH gene expression is regulated by transcription factors, including Pit-1 . Post-translational modifications, such as phosphorylation, also play a role in modulating GH activity .
Biomedical Research: GH is used in research to study growth disorders and metabolic diseases . It is also employed in experiments to understand its role in cell growth and differentiation .
Diagnostic Tools: GH levels are measured to diagnose growth hormone deficiency (GHD) and acromegaly . GH stimulation tests and IGF-1 measurements are commonly used diagnostic tools .
Therapeutic Strategies: Recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) is used to treat children with growth disorders and adults with GH deficiency . GH therapy has also been explored for its potential to enhance fertility and improve outcomes in assisted reproductive technologies .
Development: GH is essential for normal growth and development in children . It promotes the growth of bones and tissues, leading to increased height and muscle mass .
Aging and Disease: GH levels decline with age, which is associated with decreased muscle mass and increased fat accumulation . GH therapy has been investigated for its potential to counteract some of the effects of aging . Additionally, GH dysregulation is implicated in various diseases, including acromegaly and growth hormone deficiency .
