Growth Factors
Product List
OPG Fc Human
Osteoprotegerin Human Recombinant /Fc Chimera
OPG Human
Osteoprotegerin Human Recombinant
OPG Human, HEK
Osteoprotegerin Human Recombinant, HEK
OPG Human Recombinant is a single, glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 393 amino acids (22-401a.a) and having a molecular mass of 45.0kDa (calculated). OPG is fused to a 13 a.a FLAG- tag at N-terminal.
HEK293 Cells.
OPG Human, Hi-5
Osteoprotegerin Human Recombinant, Hi-5
OPG Human, His
Osteoprotegerin Human Recombinant, His Tag
The OPG is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
OPG Mouse
Osteoprotegerin Mouse Recombinant
OPG is expressed with an 8 amino acid His tag at C-Terminus and purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Introduction
Osteoprotegerin (OPG), also known as osteoclastogenesis inhibitory factor (OCIF) or tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 11B (TNFRSF11B), is a cytokine receptor belonging to the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor superfamily . It is encoded by the TNFRSF11B gene and functions primarily as a decoy receptor for receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL), inhibiting osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption .
Key Biological Properties: OPG is a glycoprotein that exists as a homodimer linked by disulfide bonds. It has multiple glycosylation sites, resulting in a mature secreted form of 110-120 kDa .
Expression Patterns: OPG is expressed in various tissues, including cartilage, aorta, endometrium, thyroid gland, and arteries . It is also expressed in B cells and dendritic cells, regulated by CD40 .
Tissue Distribution: OPG is found in high concentrations in the bone, where it plays a crucial role in bone metabolism. It is also present in the cardiovascular system, endocrine tissues, and immune cells .
Primary Biological Functions: OPG primarily functions to inhibit osteoclast differentiation and activation by binding to RANKL, preventing it from interacting with its receptor RANK . This action is essential for maintaining bone density and preventing excessive bone resorption .
Role in Immune Responses and Pathogen Recognition: OPG influences immune responses by regulating B cell development and dendritic cell function. It also binds to TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), inhibiting TRAIL-induced apoptosis in specific cells, including tumor cells .
Mechanisms with Other Molecules and Cells: OPG acts as a decoy receptor for RANKL, binding to it and preventing its interaction with RANK. This inhibition blocks the signaling pathways that lead to osteoclast differentiation and activation . OPG also binds to TRAIL, syndecan-1, glycosaminoglycans, von Willebrand factor, and factor VIII-von Willebrand factor complex .
Binding Partners and Downstream Signaling Cascades: By binding to RANKL, OPG inhibits the RANKL-RANK interaction, which is crucial for osteoclastogenesis. This inhibition prevents the activation of downstream signaling cascades involved in bone resorption . Additionally, OPG’s interaction with TRAIL inhibits apoptosis in certain cells .
Regulatory Mechanisms Controlling Expression and Activity: OPG expression is regulated by various factors, including calcium influx through L-type voltage-sensitive calcium channels, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, and cytokines such as TNF-α and IL-1β . Transcriptional regulation involves the cAMP response element-binding protein, while post-translational modifications include glycosylation and disulfide bond formation .
Biomedical Research: OPG is extensively studied for its role in bone metabolism and its potential therapeutic applications in treating osteoporosis and other bone-related disorders .
Diagnostic Tools: OPG levels are measured as biomarkers for bone diseases, cardiovascular diseases, and certain cancers .
Therapeutic Strategies: OPG or its analogs are explored as potential treatments for osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and cancer due to their ability to inhibit bone resorption and tumor-induced bone destruction .
Role Throughout the Life Cycle: OPG plays a vital role in bone development and maintenance throughout life. During development, it regulates bone density and prevents excessive bone resorption . In aging, OPG levels influence the risk of osteoporosis and other bone-related diseases . Additionally, OPG’s role in immune regulation and apoptosis inhibition impacts various physiological and pathological processes, including cancer and cardiovascular diseases .
