Cytokines
Product List
IL31 Canine
Interleukin-31 Canine Recombinant
IL31 Canine produced in Sf9 Baculovirus cells is a single, glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 136 amino acids (24-159 aa) and having a molecular mass of 15.3kDa.
IL31 is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Sf9, Baculovirus cells.
IL31 Canine, HEK
Interleukin-31 Canine Recombinant, HEK
IL31 Canine Recombinant is a single, glycosylated, polypeptide chain (24-159 a.a) containing a total of 136 amino acids, having a molecular mass of 25.2 kDa. IL31 is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
IL-4 Canine
Interleukin-4 Canine Recombinant
Interleukin-4 Canine Recombinant produced in E. coli is a non-glycosylated monomer chain containing 109 amino acids and having a molecular mass of 12.9kDa.
IL-4 is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Escherichia Coli.
IL-4 Porcine
Interleukin-4 Porcine Recombinant
Interleukin-4 Porcine Recombinant produced in E. coli is a non-glycosylated monomer chain containing 110 amino acids and having a molecular mass of 12.7kDa.
IL-4 is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Escherichia Coli.
IL4I1 Human
Interleukin-4 Induced-1 Human Recombinant
IL4R produced in Sf9 Baculovirus cells is a single, glycosylated polypeptide chain (26-232 a.a.) and fused to an 8 aa His Tag at C-terminus containing a total of 215 amino acids and having a molecular mass of 24.7kDa.
IL4R shows multiple bands between 28-40kDa on SDS-PAGE, reducing conditions and purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
IL4R Human
Interleukin-4 Receptor Human Recombinant
IL4R produced in Sf9 Baculovirus cells is a single, glycosylated polypeptide chain (26-232 a.a.) and fused to an 8 aa His Tag at C-terminus containing a total of 215 amino acids and having a molecular mass of 24.7kDa.
IL4R shows multiple bands between 28-40kDa on SDS-PAGE, reducing conditions and purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
IL5 Canine
Interleukin-5 Canine Recombinant
IL5 Canine produced in Sf9 Baculovirus cells is a single, glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 119 amino acids (22-134 aa) and having a molecular mass of 13.9kDa.
IL5 is fused to a 6 amino acid His tag at C-terminus and purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Sf9, Baculovirus cells.
IL5 Human, Sf9
Interleukin-5 Human Recombinant, Sf9
IL5 is expressed with a 6 amino acid His-tag at C-Terminus and purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
IL5 Mouse, HEK
Interleukin-5 Mouse Recombinant, HEK
IL5 Mouse Recombinant produced in HEK293 Cells is a single, glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 122 amino acids (21-133 a.a) and having a molecular mass of 14.2 kDa.
IL5 is expressed with a 6 amino acid His tag at C-Terminus and purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
IL5 Mouse, Sf9
Interleukin-5 Mouse Recombinant, Sf9
IL5 Mouse produced in Sf9 Baculovirus cells is a single, glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 119 amino acids (21-133 a.a) and having a molecular mass of 13.9kDa.
IL5 is expressed with a 6 amino acid His tag at C-Terminus and purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Sf9, Baculovirus cells.
Sterile filtered colorless solution.
Introduction
Interleukins (ILs) are a group of cytokines, which are secreted proteins and signal molecules primarily produced by leukocytes (white blood cells). They play a crucial role in the immune system by mediating communication between cells . The human genome encodes more than 50 interleukins and related proteins . Interleukins are classified based on their structure and function, with common families including IL-1, IL-2, IL-6, and IL-12 .
Key Biological Properties: Interleukins are biologically active glycoproteins derived primarily from activated lymphocytes and macrophages . They induce T-lymphocyte activation and proliferation, augment neutrophil, macrophage, and T-lymphocyte cytotoxicity, and promote B lymphocyte and multilineage bone marrow stem-cell precursor growth and differentiation .
Expression Patterns and Tissue Distribution: Interleukins are produced by various cell types, including immune cells like macrophages and lymphocytes . They are expressed in different tissues, such as the bone marrow, thymus, and other epithelial cells .
Primary Biological Functions: Interleukins modulate the growth, differentiation, and activation of immune cells during inflammatory and immune responses . They play a role in both innate and adaptive immune responses .
Role in Immune Responses and Pathogen Recognition: Interleukins are involved in the regulation of immune responses, inflammatory reactions, and hematopoiesis . They help coordinate the body’s response to infections, inflammation, and other immune challenges .
Mechanisms with Other Molecules and Cells: Interleukins interact with specific cell surface receptors to stimulate target cells . For example, IL-6 controls leucocyte recruitment, determines the activity and maintenance of the inflammatory infiltrate, and drives various innate and adaptive immune responses .
Binding Partners and Downstream Signaling Cascades: Interleukins bind to their respective receptors, triggering downstream signaling pathways such as the Janus kinase (JAK)-signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) pathways . These signaling cascades lead to various cellular responses, including proliferation, differentiation, and cytokine production .
Regulatory Mechanisms Controlling Expression and Activity: The expression and activity of interleukins are regulated by complex molecular mechanisms. For example, IL-10 production is regulated by metabolic pathways and molecular signals downstream of the IL-10 receptor .
Transcriptional Regulation and Post-Translational Modifications: Interleukins undergo transcriptional regulation and post-translational modifications to ensure proper function. These modifications can include phosphorylation, glycosylation, and cleavage .
Biomedical Research: Interleukins are extensively studied in biomedical research for their roles in immune regulation and disease pathogenesis .
Diagnostic Tools: Interleukins serve as biomarkers for various diseases, aiding in diagnosis and monitoring of disease progression .
Therapeutic Strategies: Interleukins are used in therapeutic strategies, such as cancer immunotherapy and treatment of autoimmune diseases . For example, engineered cytokines from the IL-2 family have shown significant effects in tumor immunotherapy .
Role Throughout the Life Cycle: Interleukins play essential roles throughout the life cycle, from development to aging and disease. They regulate hematopoiesis, immune responses, and inflammation . For instance, IL-5 regulates eosinophil proliferation and differentiation, while IL-1 is involved in inflammatory responses .
