CD Antigens
Product List
CD58 Human
CD58 Human Recombinant
CD58 is fused to a 23 amino acid His-tag at N-terminus & purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques
CD58 Human, Sf9
CD58 Human Recombinant, Sf9
CD58 produced in Sf9 Baculovirus cells is a single, glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 196 amino acids (29-215a.a.) and having a molecular mass of 22.5kDa. (Molecular size on SDS-PAGE will appear at approximately 28-40kDa).
CD58 is expressed with a 9 amino acid His tag at C-Terminus and purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Sf9, Baculovirus cells.
Sterile filtered colorless solution.
Introduction
CD58, also known as lymphocyte function-associated antigen 3 (LFA-3), is a cell adhesion molecule that plays a crucial role in the immune response. It is a heavily glycosylated surface glycoprotein with a molecular weight ranging from 40 to 70 kDa . CD58 is classified as a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily and is expressed on various cell types, including antigen-presenting cells (APCs), macrophages, and other tissue cells .
Key Biological Properties: CD58 is a costimulatory receptor that interacts with its natural ligand, CD2, primarily found on T cells and natural killer (NK) cells . This interaction is essential for the activation and proliferation of these immune cells.
Expression Patterns and Tissue Distribution: CD58 is extensively expressed on both hematopoietic and non-hematopoietic cells . It is found on the surface of APCs, including dendritic cells and macrophages, as well as on various other tissue cells . Additionally, a soluble form of CD58 (sCD58) is present in cellular supernatant and local tissues .
Primary Biological Functions: CD58 plays a vital role in immune responses by facilitating cell adhesion and recognition. The CD2-CD58 interaction is a key component of the immunological synapse, which induces the activation and proliferation of T and NK cells . This interaction also triggers a series of intracellular signaling events in both T/NK cells and target cells, promoting cell adhesion and recognition .
Role in Immune Responses and Pathogen Recognition: CD58 is involved in various immune regulatory responses, including antiviral responses, inflammation in autoimmune diseases, and immune rejection in organ transplants . It also plays a role in the immune evasion of tumor cells .
Mechanisms with Other Molecules and Cells: CD58 binds to CD2 (LFA-2) on T cells, strengthening the adhesion and recognition between T cells and APCs . This binding facilitates signal transduction necessary for an immune response .
Binding Partners and Downstream Signaling Cascades: The CD2-CD58 interaction is crucial for the formation of a co-stimulatory signal, contributing to the proliferation and regulation of T cell responses via signaling transduction . This interaction also activates the AKT/GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling pathway, promoting the expression of Wnt/β-catenin target proteins and TCF/LEF-mediated transcriptional activity .
Regulatory Mechanisms Controlling Expression and Activity: CD58 expression is regulated by cytokines in a cell-dependent manner . Additionally, polymorphisms in the CD58 gene are associated with increased risk for multiple sclerosis, and certain genetic variations can enhance CD58 promoter activity .
Transcriptional Regulation and Post-Translational Modifications: The expression of CD58 is influenced by transcription factors such as ASCL2, which is a target of the Wnt signaling pathway . Post-translational modifications, including glycosylation, are essential for the proper function of CD58 .
Biomedical Research: CD58 is a valuable marker in immunological studies due to its role in cell adhesion and immune responses .
Diagnostic Tools: CD58 expression levels can be used as a diagnostic marker for various diseases, including multiple sclerosis and certain types of cancer .
Therapeutic Strategies: Targeting the CD2-CD58 interaction has potential therapeutic applications in immunotherapy, particularly in enhancing anti-tumor responses and regulating immune responses in autoimmune diseases .
Role Throughout the Life Cycle: CD58 plays a role in immune responses throughout the life cycle, from development to aging. It is involved in the activation and proliferation of T and NK cells, which are crucial for immune defense . In aging individuals, the CD58/CD2 interaction remains important for maintaining immune function, particularly in the context of chronic infections and immune senescence .
