CD Antigens
Product List
CD47 Human
CD47 Human Recombinant
CD47 shows multiple bands between 18-28kDa on SDS-PAGE, reducing conditions and purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
CD47 Human, IgG-His
CD47 Human Recombinant, IgG-His Tag
CD47 is fused to a 239 amino acid hIgG-His-tag at C-terminus & purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Introduction
CD47, also known as Cluster of Differentiation 47 or integrin-associated protein (IAP), is a transmembrane protein encoded by the CD47 gene in humans . It belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily and interacts with membrane integrins, thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1), and signal-regulatory protein alpha (SIRPα) .
Key Biological Properties: CD47 is a 50 kDa glycoprotein with an extracellular N-terminal IgV domain, five transmembrane helices, and a C-terminal cytoplasmic tail . It has four spliced isoforms, with isoform 2 being the most abundantly expressed .
Expression Patterns and Tissue Distribution: CD47 is ubiquitously expressed on a variety of hematopoietic and non-hematopoietic cells . It is highly expressed in tissues such as the gingival epithelium, palpebral conjunctiva, and pancreatic ductal cells . Its expression levels vary depending on the cell type and physiological conditions .
Primary Biological Functions: CD47 plays a crucial role in various cellular processes, including apoptosis, proliferation, adhesion, and migration . It acts as a “don’t eat me” signal to prevent phagocytosis by macrophages, thus maintaining immune homeostasis .
Role in Immune Responses and Pathogen Recognition: CD47 modulates immune responses by interacting with its ligands, including TSP-1, SIRPα, and integrins . It regulates the activation of dendritic cells, T cells, and B cells, and is involved in the transmigration of neutrophils .
Mechanisms with Other Molecules and Cells: CD47 interacts with SIRPα on macrophages, sending a “don’t eat me” signal that inhibits phagocytosis . It also binds to TSP-1 and integrins, modulating cellular adhesion and migration .
Binding Partners and Downstream Signaling Cascades: CD47’s interaction with SIRPα leads to the activation of SHP-1 and SHP-2, which are protein tyrosine phosphatases involved in downstream signaling . This interaction regulates various cellular responses, including inhibition of phagocytosis and stimulation of cell-cell fusion .
Regulatory Mechanisms Controlling Expression and Activity: CD47 expression is regulated at both transcriptional and post-translational levels . Transcriptional regulation involves various transcription factors that bind to the CD47 promoter region . Post-translational modifications, such as glycosylation, also play a role in modulating CD47’s activity .
Transcriptional Regulation and Post-Translational Modifications: The cytoplasmic tail of CD47 undergoes phosphorylation, which influences its interaction with intracellular signaling molecules . Glycosylation of the extracellular domain affects its binding affinity to ligands .
Biomedical Research: CD47 is a prominent target in cancer therapy due to its role in immune evasion by tumor cells . Blocking CD47-SIRPα interaction enhances cancer cell clearance by macrophages .
Diagnostic Tools and Therapeutic Strategies: Anti-CD47 antibodies are being developed as therapeutic agents to promote phagocytosis of cancer cells . CD47 is also being explored as a biomarker for various diseases, including hematological malignancies .
Role Throughout the Life Cycle: CD47 is involved in various stages of the life cycle, from development to aging . During development, it regulates cellular adhesion and migration . In aging, CD47 expression influences the clearance of aged cells by phagocytosis . Dysregulation of CD47 is associated with diseases such as cancer and neurodegenerative disorders .
CD47’s multifaceted roles in cellular processes and immune regulation make it a critical molecule in both health and disease. Its potential as a therapeutic target continues to drive research in various biomedical fields.
