Viral Antigens
Product List
Monkeypox A33R
Monkeypox A33R Recombinant
The E.Coli derived recombinant A33R protein contains the Envelope Monkeypox immunodominant regions, having an Mw of 23kDa. The Monkeypox protein is fused to a 6xHis tag at C-terminus and purified by proprietary chromatographic technique
Monkeypox B5R
Monkeypox B5R Recombinant
The E.Coli derived recombinant B5R protein contains the Envelope Monkeypox immunodominant regions, having an Mw of 32kDa. The Monkeypox protein is fused to a 6xHis tag at C-terminus and purified by proprietary chromatographic technique
Introduction
Monkeypox, now referred to as Mpox, is a viral illness caused by the monkeypox virus (MPXV), a species of the genus Orthopoxvirus in the Poxviridae family . There are two distinct clades of the virus: Clade I (with subclades Ia and Ib) and Clade II (with subclades IIa and IIb) . The virus is zoonotic, meaning it can be transmitted from animals to humans .
Key Biological Properties: The monkeypox virus is an enveloped double-stranded DNA virus . It is relatively large, with viral particles measuring approximately 200-250 nm in diameter .
Expression Patterns and Tissue Distribution: The virus primarily infects skin cells, leading to the characteristic rash and lesions associated with the disease . It can also be found in bodily fluids, respiratory droplets, and contaminated objects .
Primary Biological Functions: The monkeypox virus is responsible for causing the disease Mpox, which presents with symptoms similar to smallpox but generally less severe . The virus triggers an immune response in the host, leading to the production of antibodies and activation of T-cells .
Role in Immune Responses and Pathogen Recognition: The virus utilizes virotransducer and virostealth proteins to control the host’s T-cell-mediated responses and impede the release of cytokines and chemokines . This helps the virus evade the host’s immune system and establish infection .
Mechanisms with Other Molecules and Cells: The monkeypox virus can infiltrate host cells through membrane fusion and endocytosis . Once inside, it replicates in the cytoplasm and produces viral proteins that interfere with the host’s immune response .
Binding Partners and Downstream Signaling Cascades: The virus binds to specific receptors on the host cell surface, initiating a cascade of signaling events that facilitate viral entry and replication . This process involves various viral and host proteins that modulate the immune response and promote viral survival .
Transcriptional Regulation: The expression of viral genes is tightly regulated to ensure efficient replication and evasion of the host immune system . The virus uses host cell machinery to transcribe its DNA and produce viral proteins .
Post-Translational Modifications: Viral proteins undergo post-translational modifications to enhance their stability and functionality . These modifications are crucial for the virus to effectively replicate and evade the host immune response .
Diagnostic Tools: Detection of viral DNA by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is the preferred method for diagnosing Mpox . This technique allows for the rapid and accurate identification of the virus in clinical samples .
Therapeutic Strategies: Antiviral compounds such as tecovirimat, cidofovir, and brincidofovir have shown efficacy against the monkeypox virus . Vaccination with the JYNNEOS vaccine is also recommended for prevention .
Role Throughout the Life Cycle: The monkeypox virus plays a critical role in the life cycle of its host by establishing infection, evading the immune response, and facilitating transmission to new hosts . The virus can be transmitted through close contact with infected individuals, contaminated objects, and respiratory droplets . It can also be passed from mother to fetus during pregnancy .
