TSH Human
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Human
Cat. No.
BT21002
Source
Human pituitary glands
Synonyms
Glycoprotein hormones alpha chain, Anterior pituitary glycoprotein hormones common subunit alpha, Follitropin alpha chain, Follicle-stimulating hormone alpha chain, FSH-alpha, Lutropin alpha chain, Luteinizing hormone alpha chain, LSH-alpha, Thyrotropin alpha chain, Thyroid-stimulating hormone alpha chain, TSH-alpha, Choriogonadotropin alpha chain, Chorionic gonadotrophin alpha subunit, CG-alpha, Thyrotropin subunit beta, Thyroid-stimulating hormone subunit beta, TSH-beta, TSH-B, Thyrotropin beta chain, Thyrotropin alfa.
Appearance
Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder.
Purity
Greater than 95% as determined by SDS-PAGE.
Usage
THE BioTek's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.
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Description
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Human produced in Human pituitary glands is an important indicator of thyroid function.
Product Specs
Introduction
Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), also called thyrotropin, is produced by the pituitary gland and regulates thyroid hormone production. TSH signals the thyroid gland to release thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). The hypothalamus controls TSH production through thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH), which stimulates TSH release, and somatostatin, which inhibits it. Blood levels of T3 and T4 create a feedback loop, with low levels increasing TSH production and high levels decreasing it. TSH is a glycoprotein with two subunits: alpha, shared with other hormones, and beta, unique to TSH and responsible for its specific function.
Description
Human Thyroid Stimulating Hormone, derived from human pituitary glands, serves as a key indicator of thyroid function.
Physical Appearance
White, lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder, sterile filtered.
Formulation
Lyophilized from a concentrated solution of 50mM ammonium bicarbonate.
Solubility
Reconstitute lyophilized TSH in a solution of 10mM sodium phosphate, 150mM NaCl, and 1 mg/ml BSA at a pH of 7.4.
Stability
Lyophilized TSH remains stable at room temperature for up to 3 weeks but should be stored desiccated below -18°C. After reconstitution, store TSH at 4°C for 2-7 days. For extended storage, freeze at -18°C, adding a carrier protein like 0.1% HSA or BSA. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Purity
SDS-PAGE analysis indicates a purity greater than 95%.
Biological Activity
Biological activity is 11.72 IU/mg vial as determined by the Centaur CP assay (Siemens). The Centaur CP assay is standardized against the WHO 3rd International Reference Preparation 81/565.
Synonyms
Glycoprotein hormones alpha chain, Anterior pituitary glycoprotein hormones common subunit alpha, Follitropin alpha chain, Follicle-stimulating hormone alpha chain, FSH-alpha, Lutropin alpha chain, Luteinizing hormone alpha chain, LSH-alpha, Thyrotropin alpha chain, Thyroid-stimulating hormone alpha chain, TSH-alpha, Choriogonadotropin alpha chain, Chorionic gonadotrophin alpha subunit, CG-alpha, Thyrotropin subunit beta, Thyroid-stimulating hormone subunit beta, TSH-beta, TSH-B, Thyrotropin beta chain, Thyrotropin alfa.
Source
Human pituitary glands
Product Science Overview
Structure and Production
TSH is a glycoprotein hormone composed of two subunits: alpha and beta. The alpha subunit is common to other glycoprotein hormones like luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), while the beta subunit is unique to TSH and confers its specific biological activity .
TSH is produced by the thyrotrope cells in the anterior pituitary gland. Its secretion is regulated by the hypothalamus through the release of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH), which stimulates the anterior pituitary to produce TSH .
Function
The primary function of TSH is to stimulate the thyroid gland to produce and release thyroid hormones, namely thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). These hormones are critical for regulating metabolism, growth, and development in the body .
- Stimulation of Thyroid Hormones: TSH binds to receptors on the thyroid gland, promoting the synthesis and release of T4 and T3. T4 is converted to the more active T3 in peripheral tissues, which then stimulates the metabolism of almost every tissue in the body .
- Negative Feedback Loop: The levels of T3 and T4 in the blood regulate the release of TSH through a negative feedback mechanism. When T3 and T4 levels are low, TSH production is increased, and conversely, when T3 and T4 levels are high, TSH production is decreased .
Clinical Significance
TSH levels are a critical marker in diagnosing and managing thyroid disorders. The normal range for TSH levels is generally between 0.4 and 4.5 milliunits per liter (mU/L), but this can vary based on factors like age and sex .
- Hypothyroidism: Elevated TSH levels typically indicate an underactive thyroid (hypothyroidism), where the thyroid gland does not produce enough thyroid hormones .
- Hyperthyroidism: Low TSH levels usually suggest an overactive thyroid (hyperthyroidism), where the thyroid gland produces excessive thyroid hormones .
- Thyroid Function Tests: TSH levels are often measured alongside other thyroid function tests, such as free T4 and T3 levels, to provide a comprehensive assessment of thyroid health .
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