TSH Canine
Mammalian cell line.
Greater than 90% as determined by SDS-PAGE.
Description
TSH Canine is a heterodimeric glycoprotein consisting of 2 non-covalently linked subunits, an alpha subunit (96 a.a) and a beta subunit (118 a.a). TSH Canine is produced by co-expression of the alpha and beta subunits of TSH. Beta subunit contains alanine instead of valine at position 81.
Product Specs
Mammalian cell line.
Product Science Overview
TSH is produced by the pituitary gland, a small gland located at the base of the brain. The secretion of TSH is regulated by the hypothalamus through the release of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). When TRH stimulates the pituitary gland, it releases TSH into the bloodstream. TSH then acts on the thyroid gland, prompting it to produce and release thyroid hormones, primarily thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) .
These thyroid hormones are crucial for various physiological processes, including metabolism, growth, and development. They influence the function of many organs and systems within the body, making the regulation of TSH and thyroid hormones vital for maintaining homeostasis.
Hypothyroidism is one of the most common endocrine disorders in dogs. It occurs when the thyroid gland fails to produce adequate amounts of T4 and T3. This condition can be classified into primary, secondary, and tertiary hypothyroidism, with primary hypothyroidism being the most prevalent in canines .
- Primary Hypothyroidism: This form results from the direct dysfunction of the thyroid gland. It is often caused by idiopathic thyroid gland atrophy or immune-mediated lymphocytic thyroiditis. In lymphocytic thyroiditis, the thyroid gland is progressively destroyed by the immune system, leading to a deficiency in thyroid hormone production .
- Secondary Hypothyroidism: This rare form is due to a deficiency in TSH production by the pituitary gland. It can result from pituitary malformations or neoplasia .
- Tertiary Hypothyroidism: This form, which has not been described in dogs, would result from a deficiency in TRH production by the hypothalamus .
The clinical signs of hypothyroidism in dogs are varied and can affect multiple systems due to the widespread influence of thyroid hormones. Common signs include lethargy, weight gain, cold intolerance, and dermatologic changes such as hair loss, dry skin, and recurrent infections . Less common signs can include neurological and cardiovascular abnormalities .
Diagnosing hypothyroidism involves a combination of clinical signs, laboratory tests, and hormone assays. Measuring serum T4 and TSH levels is crucial, but the diagnosis should not rely solely on low T4 concentrations. A comprehensive evaluation, including TSH stimulation tests, is often necessary to confirm the diagnosis .
The primary treatment for hypothyroidism in dogs is hormone replacement therapy with synthetic levothyroxine (T4). This therapy aims to restore normal thyroid hormone levels and alleviate clinical signs. Regular monitoring of thyroid hormone levels and adjusting the dosage as needed is essential for effective management .
