STX1A Human

Syntaxin-1A is a protein composed of 265 amino acids with a molecular weight of approximately 30.7 kDa . The recombinant human Syntaxin-1A is typically expressed in Escherichia coli and purified using conventional chromatography techniques . The protein is often formulated in phosphate-buffered saline (pH 7.4) containing 10% glycerol and 1mM DTT to maintain its stability .

Syntaxin-1A plays a pivotal role in the exocytosis of hormones and neurotransmitters. It is involved in the docking of synaptic vesicles at presynaptic active zones, which is a critical step in the release of neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft . This protein is part of the SNARE (Soluble NSF Attachment Receptor) complex, which also includes SNAP25 and VAMP2. The SNARE complex mediates the fusion of synaptic vesicles with the presynaptic plasma membrane, facilitating neurotransmitter release .

In addition to its role in neurotransmitter release, Syntaxin-1A is also implicated in the calcium-dependent regulation of the acrosomal reaction in sperm . This reaction is essential for fertilization, as it allows the sperm to penetrate the egg.

Recombinant human Syntaxin-1A is widely used in research to study the mechanisms of synaptic vesicle fusion and neurotransmitter release. It is also used to investigate the role of SNARE proteins in various cellular processes. Studies have shown that Syntaxin-1A is phosphorylated by CK2, and phosphorylation at Ser-188 by DAPK1 significantly decreases its interaction with STXBP1 .

Recombinant human Syntaxin-1A can be stored at +2°C to +8°C for short-term use (up to one week). For long-term storage, it is recommended to aliquot and store the protein at -20°C to -80°C to avoid repeated freezing and thawing cycles .