RGS2 Human

The Regulator of G-Protein Signaling 2 (RGS2) is a protein encoded by the RGS2 gene in humans. It is a member of the Regulator of G-Protein Signaling (RGS) family, which plays a crucial role in modulating the signaling pathways mediated by G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). RGS2 acts as a GTPase-activating protein (GAP) for G alpha subunits of heterotrimeric G proteins, thereby accelerating the deactivation of G proteins and terminating the signal transduction .

RGS2 is composed of 211 amino acids and has a molecular weight of approximately 24 kDa. The protein contains a conserved RGS domain, which is responsible for its GAP activity. This domain interacts with the G alpha subunits, enhancing their intrinsic GTPase activity and promoting the hydrolysis of GTP to GDP, thus inactivating the G protein .

RGS2 is involved in various physiological processes, including the regulation of blood pressure, vascular tone, and cardiac function. It plays a significant role in the negative regulation of the angiotensin-activated signaling pathway and the modulation of vascular smooth muscle contraction and relaxation .

RGS2 has been implicated in several pathological conditions. Mutations or dysregulation of RGS2 expression have been associated with hypertension, heart failure, and other cardiovascular diseases. Additionally, RGS2 has been shown to have protective effects against myocardial hypertrophy and atrial arrhythmias .

Given its critical role in GPCR signaling and its involvement in various diseases, RGS2 has emerged as a potential therapeutic target. Modulating RGS2 activity could provide new avenues for the treatment of hypertension, heart failure, and other related conditions. Research is ongoing to develop small molecules or other therapeutic agents that can specifically target RGS2 and modulate its activity .