RAET1E is composed of an external α1α2 domain, a transmembrane segment, and a C-terminal cytoplasmic tail . It functions as a stress-induced ligand for the NKG2D receptor, which is expressed on the surface of several types of immune cells, including natural killer (NK) cells and some T cells . The binding of RAET1E to the NKG2D receptor activates these immune cells, mediating cytotoxicity and contributing to the immune response .
RAET1E plays a crucial role in the regulation of immune responses. It is involved in both innate and adaptive immunity by acting as a ligand for the NKG2D receptor . This interaction is essential for the activation of NK cells and T cells, which are critical for the body’s defense against infections and tumors . The expression of RAET1E is induced under stress conditions, such as infection or cellular transformation, making it a key player in the immune surveillance system .
The RAET1E gene has been associated with various diseases, including familial temporal lobe epilepsy . Its role in immune regulation makes it a potential target for therapeutic interventions in conditions where the immune system is compromised or overactive. Additionally, the recombinant form of RAET1E can be used in research to study its function and interactions with other molecules in the immune system .
Research on RAET1E has provided insights into its function and potential applications in immunotherapy. The recombinant form of RAET1E is used in various experimental setups to understand its role in immune cell activation and its potential as a therapeutic target . Studies have shown that manipulating the expression of RAET1E or blocking its interaction with the NKG2D receptor can modulate immune responses, offering potential strategies for treating autoimmune diseases and cancer .