S100b Mouse

S100 Calcium Binding Protein B Mouse Recombinant
Cat. No.
BT1245
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Synonyms
Protein S100-B, S-100 protein beta chain, S-100 protein subunit beta, S100 calcium-binding protein B.
Appearance
Sterile filtered colorless solution.
Purity
Greater than 95.0% as determined by SDS-PAGE.
Usage
Prospec's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.
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Description

s100b Mouse Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated, polypeptide chain containing 92 amino acids (1-92 a.a.) and having a molecular mass of 10.7kDa.
The s100b is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

Product Specs

Introduction
S100b, a member of the S100 protein family, is an EF-hand calcium-binding protein. Primarily existing as dimers, the S100 family comprises 20 known individual S100 monomers. The S100B homodimer is found in cells of the central nervous system, glial cells, and specific peripheral cells such as Schwann cells, melanocytes, adipocytes, and chondrocytes. S100 proteins are located in either the cytoplasm or nucleus of a wide range of cells and are involved in regulating cellular processes like cell cycle progression and differentiation. The S100 gene family consists of at least 13 members clustered on chromosome 1q21, except for S100b, located at 21q22.3. Measuring serum S100B levels can help monitor brain injury and malignant melanoma. S100b proteins may play a role in neurite extension, melanoma cell proliferation, stimulation of calcium ion (Ca2+) fluxes, inhibition of PKC-mediated phosphorylation, astrocytosis, axonal proliferation, and microtubule assembly inhibition. Chromosomal rearrangements and altered S100b gene expression are implicated in various neurological, neoplastic, and other diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, Down's syndrome, epilepsy, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, melanoma, and type I diabetes.
Description
Recombinant Mouse s100b, produced in E. coli, is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 92 amino acids (1-92 a.a.) with a molecular mass of 10.7 kDa. The s100b protein undergoes purification using proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Physical Appearance
A sterile, colorless solution.
Formulation
The s100b protein solution (1mg/ml) is supplied in Phosphate Buffered Saline (pH 7.4) containing 10% glycerol.
Stability
For short-term storage (2-4 weeks), keep at 4°C. For extended periods, store frozen at -20°C. Adding a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA) is recommended for long-term storage. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Purity
Purity is determined to be greater than 95.0% by SDS-PAGE analysis.
Synonyms
Protein S100-B, S-100 protein beta chain, S-100 protein subunit beta, S100 calcium-binding protein B.
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Amino Acid Sequence
MSELEKAMVA LIDVFHQYSG REGDKHKLKK SELKELINNE LSHFLEEIKE QEVVDKVMET LDEDGDGECD FQEFMAFVAM VTTACHEFFE HE.

Product Science Overview

Introduction

S100 Calcium Binding Protein B (S100B) is a member of the S100 protein family, which is characterized by the presence of two EF-hand calcium-binding motifs. These proteins are localized in the cytoplasm and/or nucleus of a wide range of cells and are involved in the regulation of various cellular processes such as cell cycle progression and differentiation .

Gene and Protein Structure

The S100B gene is located on chromosome 21q22.3 in humans and on chromosome 10 in mice . The protein encoded by this gene is primarily expressed by astrocytes in the central nervous system (CNS) but is also found in other cell types . S100B is a homodimer, meaning it consists of two identical subunits, each containing two EF-hand motifs that bind calcium ions .

Functions

S100B plays a crucial role in several cellular functions, including:

  • Neurite Extension: Promotes the growth of neurites, which are projections from the cell body of neurons .
  • Cell Proliferation: Stimulates the proliferation of melanoma cells and other cell types .
  • Calcium Flux Regulation: Involved in the regulation of intracellular calcium levels .
  • Inhibition of Protein Kinase C (PKC): Inhibits PKC-mediated phosphorylation, which is important for various signaling pathways .
  • Astrocytosis and Axonal Proliferation: Contributes to the formation of astrocytes and the growth of axons .
  • Microtubule Assembly: Inhibits the assembly of microtubules, which are essential for cell structure and transport .
Clinical Significance

S100B has been implicated in several neurological and neoplastic diseases. Elevated levels of S100B are often observed in conditions such as Alzheimer’s disease, Down syndrome, epilepsy, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), melanoma, and type I diabetes . Due to its role in the CNS, S100B is considered a potential biomarker for blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability and CNS injury . Elevated serum levels of S100B can indicate the presence of neuropathological conditions, including traumatic brain injury and neurodegenerative diseases .

Diagnostic and Therapeutic Potential

S100B is secreted by astrocytes or can spill from injured cells into the extracellular space or bloodstream . Its levels in the serum can be used as a diagnostic marker to assess the extent of CNS damage. Normal levels of S100B can reliably exclude major CNS pathology, making it a valuable tool in clinical decision-making . Additionally, the regulation of S100B by certain compounds, such as melittin, has potential therapeutic applications for conditions like epilepsy .

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