MIP 1b Human
(a) Analysis by RP-HPLC.
(b) Analysis by SDS-PAGE.
Description
The CCL4 is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Product Specs
Product Science Overview
MIP-1β is produced by various cell types, including macrophages, dendritic cells, and lymphocytes. The protein is a non-glycosylated molecule consisting of 69 amino acids and has a molecular mass of approximately 7.6 kDa . It is encoded by the CCL4 gene and is known for its ability to form heterodimers with another chemokine, MIP-1α (CCL3), which can enhance its biological activity .
MIP-1β is primarily involved in the immune response and has several key functions:
- Chemotaxis: MIP-1β acts as a chemoattractant for various immune cells, including monocytes, natural killer (NK) cells, and T cells. It directs these cells to sites of infection or inflammation, where they can exert their immune functions .
- Inflammatory Response: MIP-1β induces the production of superoxide by neutrophils, contributing to the inflammatory response .
- Antiviral Activity: MIP-1β has been shown to have antiviral properties, particularly against herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1). It can inhibit viral replication and spread .
- HIV Suppression: MIP-1β is a major HIV-suppressive factor produced by CD8+ T cells. It binds to the CCR5 receptor, which is also a co-receptor for HIV entry into cells, thereby blocking the virus’s ability to infect host cells .
Due to its significant role in immune responses, MIP-1β has been studied extensively in various clinical contexts:
- Inflammatory Diseases: Elevated levels of MIP-1β have been observed in several inflammatory conditions, including rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, and inflammatory bowel disease. It is considered a potential biomarker for these diseases .
- Cancer: MIP-1β is involved in the tumor microenvironment and can influence tumor progression and metastasis. It has been studied as a potential target for cancer therapy .
- Infectious Diseases: Given its antiviral properties, MIP-1β is being investigated for its therapeutic potential in viral infections, including HIV .
Recombinant human MIP-1β is produced using recombinant DNA technology, typically in bacterial expression systems such as Escherichia coli. The recombinant protein is used in research to study its biological functions and potential therapeutic applications. It is available in various forms, including lyophilized powder, and is often used in assays to measure its activity and interactions with other molecules .
In conclusion, Macrophage Inflammatory Protein-1 Beta (MIP-1β/CCL4) is a critical chemokine with diverse roles in immune regulation, inflammation, and antiviral defense. Its recombinant form is a valuable tool in biomedical research, contributing to our understanding of immune responses and the development of potential therapies for various diseases.
