MIP 1b Rat

Macrophage Inflammatory Protein-1 beta Rat Recombinant (CCL4)
Cat. No.
BT20654
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Synonyms
C-C motif chemokine 4, Macrophage inflammatory protein 1-beta, MIP-1-beta, Small-inducible cytokine A4, Ccl4, Mip1b, Scya4.
Appearance
Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder.
Purity
Greater than 97.0% as determined by:
(a) Analysis by RP-HPLC.
(b) Analysis by SDS-PAGE.
Usage
THE BioTek's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.
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Description

MIP-1b Rat Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 69 amino acids and having a molecular mass of 7.8 kDa.
The MIP-1b is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

Product Specs

Introduction
Macrophage Inflammatory Proteins (MIPs), specifically MIP-1α and MIP-1β, are chemokines primarily produced by macrophages upon activation by bacterial endotoxins. These chemokines, now known as CCL3 and CCL4 respectively, play a crucial role in inflammatory responses. They act on human granulocytes, including neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils, potentially leading to acute neutrophilic inflammation. Moreover, MIPs stimulate fibroblasts and macrophages to produce and release other pro-inflammatory cytokines like interleukin 1 (IL-1), IL-6, and TNF-α. The genes encoding CCL3 and CCL4 are both situated on human chromosome 17.
Description
Recombinant Rat MIP-1b, produced in E. coli, is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain consisting of 69 amino acids. With a molecular weight of 7.8 kDa, it is purified using proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Physical Appearance
Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder.
Formulation
The product is filtered through a 0.2µm filter and lyophilized from a concentrated solution (1mg/ml) in 30% Acetonitrile and 0.1% TFA.
Solubility
To reconstitute the lyophilized Mouse MIP-1b, it is recommended to dissolve it in sterile 18MΩ-cm H2O at a concentration not less than 100µg/ml. This solution can be further diluted in other aqueous solutions as needed.
Stability
Lyophilized Mouse MIP-1b, though stable at room temperature for up to 3 weeks, should be stored desiccated at a temperature below -18°C. After reconstitution, Mouse CCL4 should be stored at 4°C for 2-7 days. For long-term storage, it is recommended to freeze it below -18°C. The addition of a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA) is recommended for long-term storage. Repeated freeze-thaw cycles should be avoided.
Purity
The purity is determined by the following methods and exceeds 97.0%: (a) Analysis by RP-HPLC (b) Analysis by SDS-PAGE
Biological Activity
The biological activity is assessed by the ability to induce chemotaxis in human monocytes within a concentration range of 0.01-1.0 µg/ml.
Synonyms
C-C motif chemokine 4, Macrophage inflammatory protein 1-beta, MIP-1-beta, Small-inducible cytokine A4, Ccl4, Mip1b, Scya4.
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Amino Acid Sequence
APIGSDPPTS CCFSYTSRKI HRNFVMDYYE TSSLCSQPAV VFLTKKGRQI CADPSEPWVN EYVNDLELN.

Product Science Overview

Introduction

Macrophage Inflammatory Protein-1 beta (MIP-1β), also known as CCL4, is a member of the CC chemokine family. This protein plays a crucial role in the immune response by regulating the trafficking and activation of various inflammatory cells. The recombinant form of this protein, derived from rats, is widely used in research to study its functions and applications.

Structure and Properties

Recombinant Rat MIP-1β is a 7.8 kDa protein containing 69 amino acid residues, including four highly conserved cysteine residues characteristic of CC chemokines . The protein is typically expressed in E. coli and purified to a high degree of purity (≥ 98%) using SDS-PAGE and HPLC analyses . It is lyophilized and can be reconstituted in sterile distilled water or an appropriate buffer for use in various assays .

Biological Activity

MIP-1β is known for its chemotactic and proinflammatory effects. It is produced by macrophages, lymphocytes, and dendritic cells upon stimulation by bacterial endotoxins . The protein recruits and stimulates various inflammatory cells at sites of inflammation, playing a significant role in the host response to bacterial, viral, parasitic, and fungal pathogens .

Functional Differences with MIP-1α

While both MIP-1α and MIP-1β are structurally and functionally related, they have distinct effects on lymphocytes. MIP-1β selectively attracts CD4+ lymphocytes, whereas MIP-1α selectively attracts CD8+ lymphocytes . Both proteins are potent chemoattractants for B cells, eosinophils, and dendritic cells .

Role in HIV Research

One of the notable functions of MIP-1β is its ability to bind to the CCR5 receptor, which is also a major co-receptor for HIV-1 entry into T cells . By binding to CCR5, MIP-1β can inhibit the CCR5-mediated entry of HIV-1, making it a significant factor in HIV research .

Applications in Research

Recombinant Rat MIP-1β is used in various research applications, including:

  • Chemotaxis Assays: To study the migration of monocytes and other inflammatory cells .
  • Inflammation Studies: To understand the role of MIP-1β in inflammatory responses and diseases .
  • HIV Research: To investigate the inhibition of HIV-1 entry into T cells .

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