GOT2 Human, Active

GOT2 is a homodimeric enzyme, meaning it consists of two identical subunits . The enzyme’s structure includes a large domain that binds pyridoxal phosphate, a small domain, an NH2-terminal arm, and a bridge across two domains . The enzyme catalyzes the transamination of oxaloacetate to aspartate, which is a key step in the malate-aspartate shuttle . This shuttle is essential for transferring reducing equivalents across the mitochondrial membrane, which is crucial for energy production .

GOT2 is involved in several metabolic pathways, including the urea cycle and the tricarboxylic acid cycle . It plays a significant role in maintaining the intracellular NAD(H) redox balance by participating in the malate-aspartate shuttle . This shuttle facilitates the transfer of NADH from the cytosol to the mitochondria, where it can be used in the electron transport chain for ATP production .

Mutations in the GOT2 gene have been associated with various diseases, including developmental and epileptic encephalopathy 82 and pheochromocytoma . Additionally, GOT2 has been implicated in cell proliferation and tumor growth . The enzyme’s activity is also linked to the production of kynurenic acid in the brain, which has neuroprotective properties .

Recombinant human GOT2 is produced using recombinant DNA technology, which involves inserting the human GOT2 gene into a suitable expression system, such as bacteria or yeast . This allows for the production of large quantities of active enzyme for research and therapeutic purposes . Recombinant GOT2 is used in various biochemical assays to study its function and role in different metabolic pathways .