CDC42 Human

Cell Division Cycle 42 Human Recombinant
Cat. No.
BT6261
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Synonyms
Cell division control protein 42 homolog, G25K GTP-binding protein, CDC42, G25K, CDC42Hs.
Appearance
Sterile Filtered colorless solution.
Purity
Greater than 95.0% as determined by SDS-PAGE.
Usage
THE BioTek's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.
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Description

CDC42 Human Recombinant fused with a 15 amino acid T7 tag at N-terminus produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated, polypeptide chain containing 203 amino acids (1-188 a.a.) and having a molecular mass of 22.4kDa.
The CDC42 is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

Product Specs

Introduction
CDC42 (Cell division cycle 42 isoform 1) is a crucial member of the Rho-subfamily of small GTPases, responsible for regulating signaling pathways that govern a wide array of cellular functions. These functions include cell shape changes, cell migration, endocytosis, and cell cycle progression. As a plasma membrane-associated small GTPase, CDC42 cycles between an active GTP-bound state and an inactive GDP-bound state. In its active form, CDC42 interacts with various effector proteins to regulate cellular responses. Notably, CDC42 plays a vital role in epithelial cell polarization, leading to the formation of filopodia, which are thin, actin-rich surface projections. Moreover, CDC42 governs actin polymerization by directly binding to N-WASP (Neural Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein), which in turn activates the Arp2/3 complex. Dysfunctional CDC42 can lead to increased endocytotic uptake of apical proteins and apical polarity factors like Crumbs. Interestingly, the Dbl oncogene product has been shown to specifically catalyze the release of GDP from CDC42 protein.
Description
CDC42 Human Recombinant, engineered with a 15 amino acid T7 tag at the N-terminus and produced in E. coli, is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain. It comprises 203 amino acids (1-188 a.a.) and exhibits a molecular weight of 22.4 kDa. This recombinant CDC42 protein undergoes purification using proprietary chromatographic methods.
Physical Appearance
A clear, colorless solution that has been sterilized by filtration.
Formulation
The CDC42 solution is formulated in a buffer containing 20mM Tris-HCl (pH 8.0), 1mM DTT, 10% glycerol, and 2mM EDTA.
Stability
For short-term storage (up to 2-4 weeks), the CDC42 solution can be stored at 4°C. For extended storage, it is recommended to store the solution in frozen aliquots at -20°C. To ensure long-term stability during frozen storage, consider adding a carrier protein such as HSA or BSA (0.1%). It is crucial to avoid subjecting the solution to repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Purity
The purity of the CDC42 protein is determined to be greater than 95.0% based on SDS-PAGE analysis.
Synonyms
Cell division control protein 42 homolog, G25K GTP-binding protein, CDC42, G25K, CDC42Hs.
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Amino Acid Sequence
MASMTGGQQM GRGSHMQTIK CVVVGDGAVG KTCLLISYTT NKFPSEYVPT VFDNYAVTVM IGGEPYTLGL FDTAGQEDYD RLRPLSYPQT DVFLVCFSVV SPSSFENVKE KWVPEITHHC PKTPFLLVGT QIDLRDDPST IEKLAKNKQK PITPETAEKL ARDLKAVKYV ECSALTQKGL KNVFDEAILA ALEPPEPKKS RRC.

Product Science Overview

Discovery and Structure

CDC42 was initially identified in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a mediator of cell division . The human CDC42 protein consists of 191 amino acids and has a theoretical weight of approximately 21.33 kDa . It functions as a homodimer with A and B chains . The protein contains several important domains, including a P-loop containing nucleoside triphosphate hydrolase and a small GTP-binding protein domain .

Function and Mechanism

CDC42 cycles between an active GTP-bound state and an inactive GDP-bound state . This cycling is regulated by three types of proteins:

  • Guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs): Promote the exchange of bound GDP for free GTP.
  • GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs): Increase GTP hydrolysis activity.
  • GDP dissociation inhibitors (GDIs): Inhibit the dissociation of the nucleotide from the GTPase .

Activated CDC42 induces conformational changes in p21-activated kinases (PAK1 and PAK2), which subsequently initiate actin reorganization and regulate cell adhesion, migration, and invasion .

Role in Cancer

Recent studies have shown that CDC42 actively contributes to cancer progression . It is overexpressed in various cancers, including non-small cell lung cancer, colorectal adenocarcinoma, melanoma, breast cancer, and testicular cancer . Elevated levels of CDC42 have been correlated with negative patient survival. The protein is required for both G1-S phase progression and mitosis and modulates transcription factors such as SRF, STAT3, and NFkB . Targeting CDC42 in conjunction with chemotherapy is being explored as a potential cancer treatment strategy .

Clinical Significance

CDC42 has been implicated in several diseases, including Takenouchi-Kosaki Syndrome and Neonatal-Onset Severe Multisystemic Autoinflammatory Disease with Increased IL18 . Its role in regulating actin polymerization through direct binding to Neural Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein (N-WASP) and subsequent activation of the Arp2/3 complex is crucial for various cellular processes .

Research and Applications

Human recombinant CDC42 is widely used in research to study its role in cell signaling pathways and its implications in diseases. Understanding the molecular mechanisms of CDC42 can provide insights into developing targeted therapies for cancer and other diseases.

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