CCL28 Human

Mucosae-Associated Epithelial Chemokine Human Recombinant (CCL28)
Cat. No.
BT18983
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Synonyms
MEC, CCK1, SCYA28, MGC71902, CCL28, C-C motif chemokine 28, Small-inducible cytokine A28, Mucosae-associated epithelial chemokine, Protein CCK1.
Appearance
Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder.
Purity
Greater than 97.0% as determined by:
(a) Analysis by RP-HPLC.
(b) Analysis by SDS-PAGE.
Usage
THE BioTek's products are furnished for LABORATORY RESEARCH USE ONLY. The product may not be used as drugs, agricultural or pesticidal products, food additives or household chemicals.
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Description

CCL28 Human Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated, polypeptide chain containing 108 amino acids and having a molecular mass of 12.3 kDa.
The CCL28 is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.

Product Specs

Introduction
CCL28, a member of the CC chemokine subfamily, exhibits chemotactic activity for resting CD4 and CD8 T cells and eosinophils. It binds to chemokine receptors CCR3 and CCR10 and plays a role in the physiological functions of extracutaneous epithelial tissues, including various mucosal organs. CCL28 is involved in mucosal immunity during HIV exposure and infection, as well as the pathogenesis of inflammatory skin diseases. Human CCL28 cDNA encodes a precursor protein of 127 amino acids, including a putative 22 amino acid signal peptide. Cleavage of this signal peptide results in the mature 105 amino acid protein. Human and mouse CCL28 share 83% amino acid identity in their mature forms, with the highest homology observed between CCL28 and CCL27/CTACK. Expression analysis revealed that both human and mouse CCL28 RNA are most abundant in normal and pathological colon tissues, with epithelial cells being the primary source of protein expression. Human CCL28 RNA is also detected in normal and asthmatic lung tissues.
Description
Recombinant human CCL28, produced in E. coli, is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain comprising 108 amino acids. With a molecular weight of 12.3 kDa, it is purified using proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Physical Appearance
Sterile Filtered White lyophilized powder.
Formulation
Lyophilized from a 1 mg/mL solution in water containing 20 mM PBS and 150 mM NaCl.
Solubility
Reconstitute the lyophilized CCL28 in sterile 18 MΩ-cm H2O to a concentration of at least 100 µg/mL. This solution can be further diluted with other aqueous solutions.
Stability
Lyophilized CCL28 remains stable at room temperature for up to 3 weeks. However, it is recommended to store the lyophilized product desiccated at -18°C. After reconstitution, store CCL28 at 4°C for 2-7 days. For long-term storage, store at -18°C. Adding a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA) is recommended for long-term storage. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Purity
Purity exceeds 97.0%, as determined by: (a) RP-HPLC analysis and (b) SDS-PAGE analysis.
Biological Activity
The biological activity of CCL28 is evaluated based on its ability to chemoattract human lymphocytes. Using a concentration range of 1-10 ng/mL, the specific activity is determined to be within the range of 100,000-1,000,000 IU/mg.
Synonyms
MEC, CCK1, SCYA28, MGC71902, CCL28, C-C motif chemokine 28, Small-inducible cytokine A28, Mucosae-associated epithelial chemokine, Protein CCK1.
Source
Escherichia Coli.
Amino Acid Sequence
SEAILPIASS CCTEVSHHIS RRLLERVNMC RIQRADGDCD LAAVILHVKR RRICVSPHNH TVKQWMKVQA AKKNGKGNVC HRKKHHGKRN SNRAHQGKHE TYGHKTPY.

Product Science Overview

Introduction

Mucosae-Associated Epithelial Chemokine (CCL28), also known as MEC, is a member of the CC chemokine family. It plays a crucial role in the immune system, particularly in mucosal immunity. CCL28 is known for its ability to attract IgA-secreting plasma cells (IgA-ASC) to mucosal tissues, which is essential for maintaining mucosal immunity .

Gene and Expression

The CCL28 gene is located on chromosome 5 in humans. The mRNA of CCL28 is highly expressed by epithelial cells in various tissues, including the colon, salivary gland, mammary gland, trachea, and rectum . This widespread expression highlights its importance in different mucosal sites.

Function and Mechanism

CCL28 binds to the chemokine receptors CCR3 and CCR10. This binding is crucial for the recruitment of IgA-ASC to the mucosal lamina propria (MLP), where they play a vital role in immune defense. The chemokine is particularly effective in attracting IgA-ASC from diverse mucosal lymphoid organs to mucosal effector sites, including the mammary and salivary glands .

Role in HIV Infection

Research has shown that CCL28 modulates immunity in HIV infection. It has been observed that CCL28 levels are augmented in the breast milk, plasma, and saliva of HIV-infected and exposed individuals. This increase in CCL28 is associated with a higher number of CCR3+ and CCR10+ B lymphocytes in these individuals . Additionally, CCL28 concentration in breast milk has been linked to longer survival in HIV vertically-infected children .

Potential in Vaccine Development

Given its role in mucosal immunity, CCL28 has been considered for inclusion in mucosal vaccines to prevent infections, such as HIV. By modulating IgA-ASC, CCL28 can enhance the immune response in the gastrointestinal mucosal lamina propria, making it a promising candidate for vaccine development .

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