C1QTNF9 Human

Complement C1q Tumor Necrosis Factor-Related Protein 9 (CTRP9) is a recently discovered adipokine, closely related to adiponectin. Adipokines are cytokines produced by adipose tissue, playing crucial roles in metabolic processes. CTRP9 has garnered significant attention due to its involvement in various physiological and pathological processes, making it a potential biomarker and therapeutic target.

CTRP9 was identified as part of the C1q/TNF-related protein family, which includes 15 members. These proteins share structural similarities with the complement component C1q and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily. CTRP9 consists of a collagen-like domain and a globular domain, the latter being the major circulating form after proteolytic cleavage .

CTRP9 interacts with adiponectin receptor 1 (AdipoR1) and N-cadherin, activating various signaling pathways. These pathways regulate glucose and lipid metabolism, vasodilation, and cell differentiation. CTRP9 plays a vital role in maintaining systemic energy homeostasis by inhibiting glucose production in the liver and enhancing fatty acid oxidation in skeletal muscle .

Abnormal expression of CTRP9 is associated with several diseases, including obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and inflammation. CTRP9’s protective effects against ischemic heart injury and its role in preventing endothelial cell senescence under hyperglycemic conditions highlight its therapeutic potential .

Recent studies have focused on understanding the broader implications of CTRP9 in disease pathogenesis and its potential as a therapeutic target. The protein’s ability to modulate various signaling pathways makes it a promising candidate for developing treatments for metabolic and cardiovascular diseases .