The Zika virus (ZIKV) is a mosquito-borne flavivirus that has gained global attention due to its potential to cause severe congenital abnormalities and neurological complications. Among the various proteins encoded by the Zika virus, the non-structural protein 1 (NS1) plays a crucial role in viral replication and immune evasion. The recombinant NS1 protein, particularly when expressed in Human Embryonic Kidney (HEK) cells, has become a focal point of research due to its implications in understanding the virus’s pathogenicity and developing diagnostic tools and vaccines.
The NS1 protein is a glycoprotein that exists in multiple forms, including a membrane-associated form and a secreted hexameric form. It is involved in various stages of the viral life cycle, including replication, immune modulation, and pathogenesis. The NS1 protein interacts with host cell components to facilitate viral replication and evade the host immune response. It also plays a role in the formation of replication complexes and the modulation of the host’s innate immune response.
Human Embryonic Kidney (HEK) cells are commonly used for the expression of recombinant proteins due to their high transfection efficiency and ability to perform post-translational modifications similar to those in human cells. The expression of Zika NS1 protein in HEK cells allows for the production of a biologically active and properly folded protein, which is essential for studying its function and interactions.