VEGF Equine
Escherichia Coli.
VEGF-A, VPF, glioma-derived endothelial cell mitogen.
Description
VEGF Equine Recombinant produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated, polypeptide chain containing 2 x 165 amino acids and having a total molecular mass of 38.6 kDa.
The VEGF is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Product Specs
Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a crucial signaling molecule for vasculogenesis and angiogenesis. Primarily known for its effects on vascular endothelial cells, VEGF also impacts other cell types, such as monocytes/macrophages, neurons, cancer cells, and kidney epithelial cells. Its roles include increasing vascular permeability, promoting angiogenesis, vasculogenesis, endothelial cell growth, cell migration, and inhibiting apoptosis. In vitro studies demonstrate its ability to stimulate endothelial cell mitogenesis and migration. As a vasodilator, VEGF enhances microvascular permeability and was initially termed vascular permeability factor. Elevated levels of VEGF are associated with POEMS syndrome (Crow-Fukase syndrome). Additionally, mutations in the VEGF gene are linked to proliferative and nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy.
Recombinant Equine VEGF, produced in E. coli, is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain comprising 2 x 165 amino acids, resulting in a total molecular mass of 38.6 kDa. The purification process involves proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Lyophilized from a sterile (0.2 µm filtered) aqueous solution containing 10 mM Sodium Phosphate, pH 7.5.
For reconstitution, it is recommended to dissolve the lyophilized VEGF in sterile water to a concentration of 0.1 mg/ml. Further dilutions can be made in other aqueous solutions.
Lyophilized VEGF remains stable at room temperature for 3 weeks; however, storage in desiccated conditions below -18°C is recommended. Once reconstituted, Human VEGF should be stored at 4°C for 2-7 days. For long-term storage, freezing below -18°C is advised. It is highly recommended to add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA) for long-term storage. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
The ED50, determined by HUVEC Proliferation assay, is ≤ 10 ng/mL, which corresponds to a specific activity of ≥ 1.0 x 105 units/mg.
VEGF-A, VPF, glioma-derived endothelial cell mitogen.
Escherichia Coli.
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Product Science Overview
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) is a critical signaling protein involved in both vasculogenesis (the formation of new blood vessels during embryonic development) and angiogenesis (the growth of blood vessels from pre-existing vasculature). VEGF is also known as Vascular Permeability Factor (VPF) or Vasculotropin due to its role in increasing vascular permeability and promoting endothelial cell growth .
VEGF is a homodimeric glycoprotein with a molecular weight ranging between 34 to 42 kDa. It is heparin-binding and exhibits potent angiogenic, mitogenic, and vascular permeability-enhancing activities specific to endothelial cells . VEGF belongs to the platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) family of cystine-knot growth factors. The most significant member of this family is VEGF-A, which is the primary focus of most research and therapeutic applications .
VEGF exerts its effects by binding to specific receptor tyrosine kinases on the surface of endothelial cells. The two primary receptors are Flt-1 (fms-like tyrosine kinase) and KDR (kinase-insert-domain-containing receptor), also known as VEGFR-1 and VEGFR-2, respectively . These receptors have high affinity for VEGF and mediate its angiogenic and permeability-enhancing effects.
Recombinant Equine VEGF-A is derived from the expression of the equine VEGF-A gene in various host systems such as E. coli or Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells. The recombinant protein is purified using affinity chromatography techniques, ensuring high purity and activity . This recombinant form is used in various research applications, including cell culture, ELISA, and Western blotting .
VEGF plays a crucial role in both physiological and pathological processes. It is essential for wound healing, embryonic development, and the growth and metastasis of solid tumors. Elevated levels of VEGF have been observed in the synovial fluids of rheumatoid arthritis patients and in the sera of cancer patients . VEGF promotes the extravasation of plasma fibrinogen, leading to fibrin deposition, which alters the tumor extracellular matrix. This modified matrix subsequently promotes the migration of macrophages, fibroblasts, and endothelial cells .
Recombinant Equine VEGF-A is widely used in laboratory research to study angiogenesis, cell proliferation, and vascular permeability. It is also employed in various assays to quantify VEGF levels in biological samples . The protein’s activity is typically measured using a cell proliferation assay with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), where the effective dose (ED50) for this effect is usually between 1-5 ng/mL .
