The Osteopontin protein has been freeze-dried in a specific solution to ensure stability and solubility.
Recombinant human osteopontin is commonly expressed in HEK 293 cells (Human Embryonic Kidney 293 cells), which are widely used for the production of recombinant proteins due to their high transfection efficiency and ability to perform complex post-translational modifications . The recombinant form of osteopontin expressed in HEK 293 cells typically migrates at an apparent molecular weight of 60.0-65.0 kDa by SDS-PAGE analysis under reducing conditions .
Osteopontin is a secreted glycoprotein that functions as a ligand for integrins, particularly αvβ3 integrin, and possibly other receptors . It binds tightly to hydroxyapatite, acting as a structural component of the extracellular mineralized matrix . Beyond its role in bone mineralization, osteopontin functions as a cytokine, stimulating the release of interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) and interleukin-12 (IL-12), while inhibiting the production of interleukin-10 (IL-10) .
Osteopontin is implicated in various diseases due to its role in inflammation and immune regulation. It is involved in chronic inflammatory diseases, cancer progression, and immune responses against infectious diseases . Osteopontin also co-stimulates T cell proliferation, further highlighting its importance in immune responses .
Recombinant human osteopontin is used in various research applications, including: