Introduction
RANTES, also known as CCL5, is an 8 kDa chemokine that plays a crucial role in immune responses. It attracts and activates leukocytes, including T cells, eosinophils, and basophils, to inflammatory sites. RANTES also contributes to the activation of natural killer (NK) cells, leading to the formation of CC-Chemokine-activated killer (CHAK) cells. Additionally, RANTES exhibits HIV-suppressive properties. The gene encoding RANTES is located on chromosome 17 in humans.
Description
Recombinant human RANTES is produced in E. coli and purified to a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain. This protein consists of 68 amino acids and has a molecular weight of 7809.2 Daltons. Purification is achieved using proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Physical Appearance
Sterile white lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder.
Formulation
Lyophilized from a 0.2 µm filtered solution containing 50 mM sodium acetate (pH 5.0) and 100 mM sodium chloride.
Solubility
To reconstitute lyophilized RANTES, dissolve in sterile 18 MΩ-cm H2O to a concentration of at least 100 µg/ml. Further dilutions can be made using other aqueous solutions.
Stability
Lyophilized RANTES remains stable at room temperature for up to 3 weeks. For long-term storage, store desiccated below -18°C. After reconstitution, RANTES can be stored at 4°C for 2-7 days. For extended storage, add a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA) and store below -18°C. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
Purity
Purity exceeds 97.0%, as determined by RP-HPLC and SDS-PAGE analyses.
Biological Activity
The biological activity of RANTES is assessed by its ability to chemoattract human blood monocytes. A concentration range of 1-10 ng/ml corresponds to a specific activity of 100,000-1,000,000 IU/mg.
Synonyms
Small inducible cytokine A5, CCL5, T-cell-specific RANTES protein, SIS-delta, T cell- specific protein P228, TCP228, chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 5, SISd, SCYA5, RANTES, D17S136E, MGC17164.
Amino Acid Sequence
SPYSSDTTPC CFAYIARPLP RAHIKEYFYT SGKCSNPAVV FVTRKNRQVC ANPEKKWVRE YINSLEMS.