PTHrP Human

PTHrP was discovered in the 1980s and 1990s during intensive research aimed at understanding hypercalcemia in cancer patients . The gene encoding PTHrP, known as PTHLH, is located on the short arm of chromosome 12 in humans . This gene can produce multiple mRNA species through alternative splicing, resulting in three isoforms of the protein consisting of 139, 141, or 173 amino acids .

PTHrP is widely expressed in normal tissues and plays a crucial role in various physiological processes. It acts as an endocrine, autocrine, paracrine, and intracrine hormone . Some of its key functions include:

• Regulation of Bone Development: PTHrP maintains the endochondral growth plate at a constant width, which is essential for proper bone development .
• Calcium Homeostasis: It plays a significant role in regulating calcium levels in vertebrates .
• Epithelial-Mesenchymal Interactions: PTHrP is involved in the formation of mammary glands and other epithelial-mesenchymal interactions .

The discovery of PTHrP has had significant implications for both clinical and research fields. It has been linked to various disease states such as osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, and breast cancer . Additionally, PTHrP itself is being explored as a potential therapeutic agent for conditions like osteoporosis and diabetes .

Human recombinant PTHrP is a synthetic form of the protein produced using recombinant DNA technology. This allows for the production of large quantities of the protein for research and therapeutic purposes. Recombinant PTHrP binds to the parathyroid hormone/parathyroid hormone-related peptide receptor and helps regulate blood calcium and phosphate levels .