PlGF-3 is primarily expressed in the placental trophoblasts during pregnancy, but it can also be found in other tissues such as the villous trophoblast . It binds to the receptor VEGFR-1 (also known as Flt-1), stimulating endothelial cell growth, proliferation, and migration . This interaction is essential for the proper development of the placenta and the maintenance of a healthy pregnancy.
The recombinant form of PlGF-3, produced in sf9 insect cells, is used for research purposes. The sf9 cell line, derived from the fall armyworm, is commonly used in biotechnology for the production of recombinant proteins. This method ensures high yield and proper folding of the protein, making it suitable for various experimental applications .
PlGF-3 has been extensively studied for its role in pregnancy-related conditions, such as pre-eclampsia. Pre-eclampsia is a serious complication characterized by high blood pressure and proteinuria, which can lead to life-threatening conditions if not properly managed . PlGF-based testing is used to help diagnose and monitor this condition, providing valuable information for the management of at-risk pregnancies .