NUCB2 Mouse

NUCB2 is a protein coding gene that encodes a novel DNA Binding/EF-hand/Leucine Zipper Protein. The protein consists of 396 amino acids and can be divided into three main parts through proteolytic processing by prohormone convertases (PCs):

• N-terminal nesfatin-1 (1-82)
• Nesfatin-2 (85-163)
• C-terminal nesfatin-3 (166-396)

The structure of NUCB2 includes several important domains:

• Leucine zipper motif
• DNA binding domain
• Two EF-hand domains
• Regions rich in Ile/Leu and acidic amino acids

NUCB2 and its cleavage product, nesfatin-1 (N1), are widely distributed hormones that regulate numerous physiological processes, including energy homeostasis and carcinogenesis . Nesfatin-1, in particular, is known for its strong anorexigenic properties, meaning it can suppress appetite when administered centrally or peripherally .

The interaction of NUCB2 with metal ions, particularly zinc (Zn²⁺), plays a crucial role in its function. Zinc binding is conserved across species and affects the molecular features of nesfatin-1 and nesfatin-2. For instance, Zn²⁺ binding can lead to a disorder-to-order transition in the M30 region of nesfatin-1, which is crucial for its anorexigenic properties .

NUCB2 is also implicated in tumorigenesis. It can influence tumor progression by promoting or inhibiting various cellular processes such as proliferation, apoptosis, autophagy, metastasis, and invasion . This makes NUCB2 a potential target for cancer research and therapy.