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Human recombinant BNP (rHuBNP) is a synthetic form of the naturally occurring BNP. It is produced using recombinant DNA technology, which involves inserting the gene that encodes BNP into a host organism, such as E. coli, to produce the peptide in large quantities . The recombinant form is often tagged with a His (histidine) tag to facilitate purification and detection. The His tag is a short sequence of histidine residues that binds strongly to nickel ions, allowing for easy separation of the recombinant protein from other cellular components.
BNP is a 32-amino-acid peptide that is initially synthesized as a larger precursor molecule called proBNP. This precursor is then cleaved to produce the active BNP peptide and an inactive N-terminal fragment . The active BNP peptide binds to specific receptors, such as NPR1 and NPR3, to exert its physiological effects .
BNP levels are commonly measured in clinical settings to diagnose and manage heart failure. Elevated BNP levels are indicative of heart failure, as the peptide is released in response to increased cardiac stress . BNP testing is a valuable tool for assessing the severity of heart failure, guiding treatment decisions, and monitoring the effectiveness of therapy .