Cytokeratin 20 (CK20) is a type I cytokeratin, which is a member of the keratin family of proteins. These proteins are essential for the structural integrity of epithelial cells. Cytokeratins are subdivided into two types: type I (acidic) and type II (basic to neutral). CK20 is specifically expressed in the gastric and intestinal mucosa, making it a significant marker in the study of epithelial cell biology.
CK20 is a major cellular protein of mature enterocytes and goblet cells. The protein encoded by the CK20 gene consists of 424 amino acids and has a molecular weight of approximately 50.9 kDa . The recombinant form of CK20, fused with a His-tag at the N-terminus, is expressed in Escherichia coli (E. coli) and purified using chromatographic techniques .
CK20 plays a crucial role in maintaining the structural integrity of epithelial cells. It forms intermediate filaments that provide mechanical support and stability to the cells. The expression of CK20 is highly specific to certain types of epithelial cells, making it a valuable marker in diagnostic pathology. It is often used to identify and differentiate between various types of carcinomas, particularly those originating in the gastrointestinal tract.
The recombinant form of CK20, tagged with a His-tag, is widely used in research. The His-tag facilitates the purification and detection of the protein. The recombinant CK20 is produced in E. coli and is available in a purified form. It is typically stored in a buffer containing Tris-HCl, urea, and glycerol to maintain its stability .
Recombinant CK20 is used in various research applications, including: