IFN g Human, His
Description
Product Specs
MGSSHHHHHH SSGLVPRGSH MQDPYVKEAE NLKKYFNAGH SDVADNGTLF LGILKNWKEE SDRKIMQSQI VSFYFKLFKN FKDDQSIQKS VETIKEDMNV KFFNSNKKKR DDFEKLTNYS VTDLNVQRKA IHELIQVMAE LSPAAKTGKR KRSQMLFRG.
Product Science Overview
Interferon-Gamma (IFN-γ) is a dimerized soluble cytokine and the only member of the type II class of interferons. It plays a crucial role in the immune system by inhibiting viral replication directly and through its immunostimulatory and immunomodulatory effects . IFN-γ is produced predominantly by natural killer (NK) cells and natural killer T (NKT) cells as part of the innate immune response, and by CD4 and CD8 cytotoxic T lymphocyte effector T cells once antigen-specific immunity develops .
Recombinant human IFN-γ is typically produced using various expression systems, including E. coli and HEK293 cells. The protein is often tagged with a His-tag to facilitate purification. For instance, IFN-γ produced in E. coli is a single, glycosylated polypeptide chain containing 159 amino acids and a molecular mass of 18.5 kDa . The His-tag, usually added at the N-terminus, allows for easy purification using nickel affinity chromatography.
The industrial production of recombinant human IFN-γ involves several steps:
- Gene Cloning: The gene encoding IFN-γ is cloned into an expression vector.
- Transformation: The vector is introduced into a suitable host cell, such as E. coli or HEK293 cells.
- Expression: The host cells are cultured under conditions that induce the expression of IFN-γ.
- Purification: The His-tagged IFN-γ is purified using nickel affinity chromatography, followed by additional purification steps to achieve high purity levels (e.g., >95%) .
- Validation: The purity and activity of the recombinant protein are validated using techniques such as SDS-PAGE and activity assays .
IFN-γ interacts with its receptor, IFNGR1, to initiate a signaling cascade primarily through the JAK-STAT pathway . Upon binding, the intracellular domain of IFNGR1 associates with downstream signaling components JAK2, JAK1, and STAT1, leading to STAT1 activation, nuclear translocation, and transcription of IFN-γ-regulated genes . This signaling pathway enhances antigen presentation and activates effector immune cells, contributing to its antiviral, immunoregulatory, and anti-tumor properties .
