Introduction
IFN-gamma, also known as interferon-gamma, is a cytokine primarily produced by activated lymphocytes, including T cells and natural killer cells. This cytokine plays a crucial role in both innate and adaptive immunity. Its primary function is to activate macrophages, enhancing their ability to kill intracellular pathogens. Additionally, IFN-gamma exhibits antiviral activity, inhibits the proliferation of transformed cells, and synergizes with type I interferons to enhance antiviral and antitumor effects.
Description
Recombinant Human IFN-gamma, expressed in E. coli, is a non-glycosylated polypeptide chain consisting of 144 amino acids. With a molecular weight of 17 kDa, this protein is purified using proprietary chromatographic techniques, ensuring high purity and biological activity.
Physical Appearance
Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder.
Formulation
The protein was lyophilized from a 0.2µm filtered concentrated solution in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) at pH 4.6.
Solubility
To reconstitute the lyophilized IFN-gamma, it is recommended to dissolve it in sterile distilled water or 20mM acetic acid (AcOH) to a concentration of at least 100µg/ml. This solution can be further diluted in other aqueous solutions as needed.
Stability
Lyophilized IFN-gamma remains stable at room temperature for up to 3 weeks. However, for long-term storage, it is recommended to store the lyophilized protein desiccated at a temperature below -18°C. After reconstitution, IFN-gamma should be stored at 4°C for 2-7 days. For prolonged storage, freezing at -18°C is recommended. To ensure optimal stability during long-term storage, the addition of a carrier protein such as 0.1% human serum albumin (HSA) or bovine serum albumin (BSA) is advised. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles to maintain protein integrity and activity.
Purity
The purity of IFN-gamma is determined using two methods: reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) and sodium dodecyl-sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). The purity is greater than 98.0% as determined by both methods.
Biological Activity
The biological activity of IFN-gamma is determined using a viral resistance assay. The specific activity is less than 0.05 ng/ml, which corresponds to a specific activity of 2.0 x 10,000,000 international units (IU) per milligram (mg).
Protein Content
The protein content of IFN-gamma is quantified using two independent methods. The first method involves UV spectroscopy at 280 nm, employing an absorbance value of 0.640 as the extinction coefficient for a 0.1% (1mg/ml) solution. This value is derived from the analysis of protein sequences using the PC GENE computer program (IntelliGenetics). The second method utilizes RP-HPLC, where a calibrated solution of IFN-gamma serves as a reference standard for accurate quantification.
Synonyms
Immune IFN, type II IFN, T cell IFN, MAF, IFNG, IFG, IFI, IFN-gamma.
Amino Acid Sequence
MQDPYVKEAE NLKKYFNAGH SDVADNGTLF LGILKNWKEE SDRKIMQSQI
VSFYFKLFKN FKDDQSIQKS VETIKEDMNV KFFNSNKKKR DDFEKLTNYS
VTDLNVQRKA IHELIQVMAE LSPAAKTGKR KRSQMLFQGR RASQ.