IL-17D is a secreted cytokine with a conserved cysteine-knot fold near the C-terminus, similar to other IL-17 family members . It is expressed in various tissues, including skeletal muscle, heart, adipose tissue, lung, pancreas, and the nervous system . The recombinant form of IL-17D is typically produced in E. coli and has a predicted molecular mass of approximately 20 kDa per monomer .
IL-17D modulates immune responses indirectly by stimulating the production of myeloid growth factors and chemokines . It has been shown to stimulate the production of cytokines such as IL-6, IL-8, and GM-CSF in endothelial cells . Additionally, IL-17D has an inhibitory effect on the hemopoiesis of myeloid progenitor cells .
The IL-17 family, including IL-17D, has been linked to various disease processes such as rheumatoid arthritis, asthma, lupus, allograft rejection, tumorigenicity, and antitumor immunity . IL-17D, in particular, has been found to be highly secreted by fibrosarcoma tumor cells and can recruit natural killer cells via the production of CCL2 by endothelial cells .
Recombinant IL-17D is used in research to study its role in immune responses and its potential therapeutic applications. It is available in both carrier-free and carrier-containing formulations, with the carrier protein typically being Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) to enhance protein stability . The recombinant protein is lyophilized and can be reconstituted for use in various experimental setups .