Introduction
Interleukin-22 (IL-22), also called IL-10-related T cell-derived inducible factor (IL-TIF), is a cytokine initially discovered as a gene activated by IL-9 in mouse T cells and mast cells. The mouse IL-22 cDNA codes for a protein of 179 amino acids, including a 33 amino acid signal peptide. This signal peptide is cleaved to produce the mature 147 amino acid protein. This mature protein shares about 79% and 22% amino acid sequence similarity with human IL-22 and IL-10, respectively. IL-22 has been observed to activate STAT-1 and STAT-3 in multiple hepatoma cell lines, leading to increased production of acute phase proteins. Normal mouse T cells produce IL-22 when stimulated with Con A. Additionally, injecting lipopolysaccharide into mice induces IL-22 expression in several organs. This suggests IL-22 might be involved in inflammatory responses. Two receptor subunits, IL-22R (formerly an orphan receptor called CRF2-9) and IL-10Rβ (previously known as CRF2-4), both belonging to the class II cytokine receptor family, form the functional IL-22 receptor complex.
Description
Recombinant Mouse Interleukin-22, produced in E. coli, is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain comprising 147 amino acids. It possesses a molecular weight of 16.7 kDa. The purification of Murine IL-22 is achieved using proprietary chromatographic methods.
Physical Appearance
Sterile Filtered White lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder.
Formulation
Lyophilized from a solution containing 1X PBS.
Solubility
To reconstitute the lyophilized Interleukin-22, it is recommended to dissolve it in sterile 18 megaohm-centimeter (MΩ·cm) H2O at a concentration of at least 100 micrograms per milliliter (µg/ml). Subsequently, this solution can be further diluted into other aqueous solutions as required.
Stability
Lyophilized Interleukin-22, while stable at room temperature for 3 weeks, should ideally be stored in a dry environment below -18 degrees Celsius. Once reconstituted, IL-22 should be stored at 4 degrees Celsius for 2-7 days. For long-term storage, it should be kept below -18 degrees Celsius. It's important to avoid repeated cycles of freezing and thawing.
Purity
The purity is determined to be greater than 97.0% using the following methods:
(a) Analysis through Reverse Phase High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (RP-HPLC).
(b) Analysis by Sodium Dodecyl-Sulfate Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE).
Biological Activity
The ED50, which represents the effective concentration required to induce 50% of the maximum response, was determined to be less than 0.5 nanograms per milliliter (ng/ml). This was assessed based on its ability to induce IL-10 secretion in Colo205 cells. This corresponds to a Specific Activity of 2,000,000 International Units per milligram (IU/mg).
Synonyms
IL-TIF, TIFa, IL-10-related T-cell-derived-inducible factor, IL-22, ILTIF, IL-D110, zcyto18, MGC79382, MGC79384, TIFIL-23.
Amino Acid Sequence
The sequence of the first five N-terminal amino acids was determined and was found to be Met-Leu-Pro-Val-Asn.