IL 1 alpha Human
(a) Analysis by RP-HPLC.
(b) Analysis by SDS-PAGE.
Description
The IL-1A is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Product Specs
Interleukin-1 alpha (IL-1α) is a cytokine that plays a crucial role in the body's immune response. Primarily produced by activated macrophages, IL-1α stimulates the proliferation of thymocytes (immune cells in the thymus) by triggering the release of interleukin-2 (IL-2). Additionally, it contributes to the maturation and proliferation of B cells, which are responsible for producing antibodies. IL-1α also influences fibroblast growth factor activity, which is essential for tissue repair and wound healing. As a key player in the inflammatory response, IL-1α is recognized as an endogenous pyrogen, meaning it can induce fever. Furthermore, studies have shown that it can stimulate the production of prostaglandin, a hormone-like substance involved in inflammation and pain, from synovial cells found in joints.
(a) Analysis using Reverse-Phase High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (RP-HPLC).
(b) Analysis using Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate-Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE).
1. UV spectroscopy at a wavelength of 280 nm, utilizing an absorbency value of 1.13 as the extinction coefficient for a 0.1% (1 mg/ml) solution. This value was calculated using the PC GENE computer analysis program for protein sequences (IntelliGenetics).
2. Analysis by RP-HPLC, employing a standard solution of IL-1 as a reference standard.
Product Science Overview
IL-1α is initially produced as a precursor protein, known as pro-IL-1α, which is then proteolytically processed to generate the mature form of the cytokine. The precursor form of IL-1α can also be biologically active and is often found on the cell surface of monocytes and B lymphocytes . The mature IL-1α protein consists of 159 amino acids and has a molecular weight of approximately 18 kDa .
IL-1α is a pleiotropic cytokine, meaning it has multiple effects on different cell types. It is involved in various immune responses, including the activation of T cells and the promotion of the proliferation of fibroblasts. IL-1α also induces the production of other proinflammatory cytokines and mediators, such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), which contribute to the inflammatory response .
One of the key roles of IL-1α is in the regulation of sterile inflammation, which occurs in the absence of pathogens. During tissue injury or necrosis, IL-1α is released and recruits immune cells to the site of injury, promoting the healing process . Additionally, IL-1α has been shown to contribute to angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels, during hypoxic conditions .
Recombinant IL-1α is produced using recombinant DNA technology, where the IL-1α gene is inserted into an expression system, such as bacteria or yeast, to produce the protein in large quantities. The recombinant protein is then purified to achieve high levels of purity, typically greater than 95% . Recombinant IL-1α is used in various research applications, including studies on immune responses, inflammation, and cell proliferation .
Recombinant IL-1α is widely used in immunological research to study its effects on different cell types and its role in various biological processes. It is used in cell culture experiments to investigate the proliferation and activation of immune cells, as well as in animal models to study the effects of IL-1α in vivo . Additionally, recombinant IL-1α is used in assays to measure the production of other cytokines and inflammatory mediators .
