IL1R1 Human

Interleukin 1 Receptor Type I (IL-1RI) is a cytokine receptor that belongs to the interleukin-1 receptor family. It plays a crucial role in mediating immune and inflammatory responses by binding to interleukin 1 alpha (IL-1α), interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), and interleukin 1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA) . This receptor is expressed on various cell types, including T cells, B cells, monocytes, and fibroblasts .

IL-1RI is a transmembrane protein composed of a single polypeptide chain. It binds both IL-1α and IL-1β, acting as a potent antagonist of IL-1 action . The receptor complex mediates all known IL-1 biological responses, including the activation of immune cells and the promotion of inflammatory processes .

Recombinant human IL-1RI is produced using DNA sequences encoding the amino-terminal residues of the extracellular domain of the human IL-1 receptor Type I protein . This recombinant form is used in various research and therapeutic applications, particularly in studying the role of IL-1 in diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis .

IL-1RI is a key player in the pathogenesis of several inflammatory diseases. In rheumatoid arthritis, for example, IL-1 stimulates the production of prostaglandin E2, nitric oxide, and matrix metalloproteases, which promote joint degradation . Additionally, IL-1 suppresses joint repair by inhibiting collagen synthesis . The receptor’s involvement in these processes makes it a target for therapeutic interventions aimed at reducing inflammation and tissue damage.

The recombinant form of IL-1RI has been developed and tested in animal models for arthritis . It binds to IL-1R type I with the same affinity as IL-1β, making it a valuable tool for studying the receptor’s role in disease and for developing new treatments . One such treatment is anakinra (Kineret™), a recombinant human IL-1 receptor antagonist used to treat rheumatoid arthritis .