GSTO1 Human

Glutathione S-Transferase Omega 1 (GSTO1) is an enzyme encoded by the GSTO1 gene in humans. It belongs to the Omega class of the glutathione S-transferase (GST) family, which plays a crucial role in detoxification processes by catalyzing the conjugation of hydrophobic and electrophilic compounds with reduced glutathione .

GSTO1 is a cytosolic enzyme that functions as a homodimer. It exhibits glutathione-dependent thiol transferase and dehydroascorbate reductase activities . These activities are essential for maintaining cellular redox homeostasis and protecting cells from oxidative stress .

GSTs, including GSTO1, are involved in the metabolism of xenobiotics and carcinogens. They facilitate the conjugation of toxic compounds with glutathione, making them more water-soluble and easier to excrete from the body . This detoxification process is vital for protecting cells from damage caused by reactive oxygen species and other harmful substances .

GSTO1 has been implicated in various diseases due to its role in cellular redox balance and detoxification. Polymorphisms in the GSTO1 gene have been associated with multiple diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, age-related cataract, and breast cancer . The enzyme’s involvement in inflammatory signaling pathways also suggests its potential as a target for developing novel anti-inflammatory drugs .

Recombinant human GSTO1 is produced using Escherichia coli expression systems and is available for research purposes. It is typically purified to >95% purity and is suitable for various applications, including SDS-PAGE . Recombinant GSTO1 is used in studies to understand its structure, function, and role in disease mechanisms .