GRO1/KC Mouse
Greater than 97.0% as determined by:
(a) Analysis by RP-HPLC.
(b) Analysis by SDS-PAGE.
Description
KC Mouse Recombinant also known as N51 and GRO-1 produced in E.Coli is a single, non-glycosylated, polypeptide chain containing 72 amino acids and having a molecular mass of approximately 7.8 kDa.
The GRO-1 is purified by proprietary chromatographic techniques.
Product Specs
Chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1 (CXCL1), formerly known as GRO1 oncogene, Neutrophil-activating protein 3 (NAP-3), and melanoma growth stimulating activity, alpha (MSGA-a), is a small cytokine belonging to the CXC chemokine family. Produced by human melanoma cells, CXCL1 possesses mitogenic properties and is implicated in melanoma development. This chemokine is expressed by macrophages, neutrophils, and epithelial cells and exhibits neutrophil chemoattractant activity. CXCL1 plays a crucial role in spinal cord development by inhibiting the migration of oligodendrocyte precursors. Additionally, it is involved in angiogenesis, inflammation, wound healing, and tumorigenesis. CXCL1 exerts its effects by signaling through the chemokine receptor CXCR2. The gene encoding CXCL1 is located on human chromosome 4, clustered with genes encoding other CXC chemokines.
Recombinant murine KC, also referred to as N51 and GRO-1, is produced in E. coli. It is a single, non-glycosylated polypeptide chain comprising 72 amino acids, with an approximate molecular mass of 7.8 kDa. The purification of GRO-1 is achieved using proprietary chromatographic techniques.
The protein was lyophilized from a solution containing 20mM phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) and 0.1M NaCl at a concentration of 1mg/ml.
To reconstitute the lyophilized GRO1 Recombinant, it is recommended to dissolve it in sterile 18 megaohm-cm H2O at a concentration of at least 100 micrograms/ml. The reconstituted solution can be further diluted in other aqueous solutions as needed.
Lyophilized KC Mouse protein remains stable at room temperature for up to 3 weeks. However, it is recommended to store the lyophilized protein desiccated at a temperature below -18°C for extended periods. Upon reconstitution, CXCL1 should be stored at 4°C for 2-7 days. For long-term storage, it is advisable to store it at a temperature below -18°C after adding a carrier protein (0.1% HSA or BSA) and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
The purity of the protein is greater than 97.0%, as determined by the following methods:
(a) Reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) analysis.
(b) Sodium dodecyl-sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) analysis.
The biological activity was assessed by evaluating the protein's ability to chemoattract human neutrophils at concentrations ranging from 10 ng/ml to 100 ng/ml.
Protein quantification was performed using two independent methods:
1. UV spectroscopy at a wavelength of 280 nm. An absorbance value of 0.03 was used as the extinction coefficient for a 0.1% (1 mg/ml) solution. This value was calculated using the PC GENE computer analysis program for protein sequences (IntelliGenetics).
2. RP-HPLC analysis, employing a standard solution of KC as a reference standard.
APIANELRCQ CLQTMAGIHL KNIQSLKVLP SGPHCTQTEV IATLKNGREA CLDPEAPLVQ KIVQKMLKGV PK.
Product Science Overview
CXCL1 is a proinflammatory chemokine with a molecular weight of approximately 8 kDa . It is known for its ability to attract and activate neutrophils, which are essential components of the immune system . The protein’s structure includes a characteristic CXC motif, which is critical for its interaction with specific receptors on the surface of target cells .
The primary receptor for CXCL1 is CXCR2, a G-protein-coupled receptor that mediates the chemokine’s effects on neutrophil migration and activation . Upon binding to CXCR2, CXCL1 triggers a cascade of intracellular signaling events that lead to the recruitment of neutrophils to sites of inflammation or injury .
- Neutrophil Recruitment and Activation: CXCL1 is a potent chemoattractant for neutrophils, guiding them to sites of infection or tissue damage . This recruitment is vital for the initial immune response and helps in the clearance of pathogens.
- Cancer Pathogenesis: CXCL1 has been implicated in the progression of various cancers, including melanoma and uterine cervical cancer . It promotes tumor growth and metastasis by enhancing the proliferation and migration of cancer cells .
- Inflammatory Diseases: Elevated levels of CXCL1 are associated with several inflammatory conditions, such as arthritis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The chemokine’s role in these diseases involves the recruitment of neutrophils to inflamed tissues, exacerbating the inflammatory response .
Recombinant CXCL1, such as the mouse recombinant version, is produced using E. coli expression systems . This recombinant protein is used in various research applications, including studies on neutrophil function, cancer biology, and inflammatory diseases . The recombinant form retains the biological activity of the native protein and is often used in experiments to understand the mechanisms underlying its effects.
The expression levels of CXCL1 are clinically significant as they correlate with disease severity and prognosis in certain cancers . For instance, high levels of CXCL1 in uterine cervical cancer are linked to advanced stages and poorer survival outcomes . Understanding the role of CXCL1 in these diseases can lead to the development of targeted therapies aimed at modulating its activity.
