CES1G Mouse

Carboxylesterase 1G (CES1G) is a member of the carboxylesterase family, which is a group of enzymes involved in the hydrolysis of ester and amide bonds. These enzymes play a crucial role in the metabolism of various xenobiotic and endogenous compounds, including drugs, environmental toxicants, and lipids .

Carboxylesterases are classified based on their substrate specificity and sequence homology. In mice, there are multiple carboxylesterase genes, including CES1G, which share significant sequence similarity with human CES1 . CES1G is one of the key enzymes in the mouse liver, involved in lipid metabolism and detoxification processes .

CES1G is primarily expressed in the liver and is involved in the hydrolysis of a wide range of substrates, including small molecule esters and long-chain fatty acid esters . The enzyme has broad substrate specificity, which allows it to participate in various metabolic pathways .

The primary function of CES1G is to hydrolyze ester and amide bonds in xenobiotic and endogenous compounds. This activity is essential for the detoxification of drugs and environmental toxicants, as well as the metabolism of lipids . CES1G also plays a role in energy homeostasis by regulating the hydrolysis of lipid esters .

CES1G catalyzes the hydrolysis of ester and amide bonds through a serine hydrolase mechanism. The enzyme’s active site contains a serine residue that forms a covalent intermediate with the substrate, leading to the cleavage of the ester or amide bond . This reaction results in the formation of an alcohol and an acid, which are then further metabolized by other enzymes .

The expression and activity of CES1G are regulated by various factors, including genetic and environmental influences. In mice, the expression of CES1G can be modulated by dietary factors, hormones, and exposure to xenobiotics . Additionally, genetic variations in the CES1G gene can affect the enzyme’s activity and substrate specificity .

Recombinant CES1G is widely used in research to study the enzyme’s role in drug metabolism and lipid metabolism. The recombinant enzyme is produced in various expression systems, including bacterial and mammalian cells, to ensure high purity and activity . Researchers use recombinant CES1G to investigate the enzyme’s substrate specificity, catalytic mechanism, and potential as a therapeutic target for metabolic diseases .